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1. FASTEST-FINGER-FIRST USING 89C51
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5. STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL USING 89C51
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10. LCD FREQUENCY METER USING 89C2051
11. CALLER ID UNIT USING MICRO-CONTROLLER
12. PIC 18 F 84 MICRO-CONTROLLER BASE CODE DEVICE SWITCH SYSTEM
13. MICROPROCESSOR-BASED HOME SECURITY SYSTEM(LATEST)
14. STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL USING 89C51 MICRO-CONTROLLER
15. MICRO CONTROLLER BASED TEMPERATURE METER(LATEST)
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17. RS232 ANOLOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER USING AT89C51 MCU
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21. MICRO CONTROLLER BASED ROBOT.(LATEST)
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24. MICRO CONTROLLER AUTO DIALER USING GSM.
25. MICRO CONTROLLER BASED WATER LEVER INDICATOR(LATEST)
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27. MICROCONTROLLER BASED RADAR SYSTEM(LATEST)
28. MULTI CHANNEL INFRA RED CONTROL 4 different point 89c2051 micro controller in transmitter and receiver, using infra red technique.
29. MOVING MESSAGE DISPLAY : 89c51 micro controller Led matrix,
30. Digital clock with alarm: using 89c51 micro controller
31. TRAFFIC LIGHT WITH DOWN COUNTER : all the four sides of the road with one side counter display using 89c51 micro controller circuit.
32. ULTRASONIC DISTANCE METER USING MICROCONTROLLER
33. PRI-PAID CAR PARKING SYSTEM
34. MULTILEVEL CAR PARKING BY MCU
35. MICRO CONTROLLER TEMPERATUIRE METER
36. ANOLOG TO DIGITAL CONERTER USING AT89C51 MCU
37. INFARED REMOTE CONTROLE SYSTEM
38. ULTRASONIC MOVEMENT DETECTOR
39. MICROCONTROLLER BASED TACHOMETER
40. MCU BASED VISITOR COUNTER
41. PWM CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING 89C51
42. AN INTELLIGENT AMBULANCE CAR WHICH CONTROL TO TRAFFIC LIGHT
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Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220
Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220
Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220
Description
This is the circuit diagram of a simple electronic combination lock using IC LS 7220.This circuit can be used to activate a relay for controlling (on & off) any device when a preset combination of 4 digits are pressed.The circuit can be operated from 5V to 12V.
To set the combination connect the appropriate switches to pin 3,4,5 and 6 of the IC through the header.As an example if S1 is connected to pin 3, S2 to pin 4 , S3 to pin 5, S4 to pin 6 of the IC ,the combination will be 1234.This way we can create any 4 digit combinations.Then connect the rest of the switches to pin 2 of IC.This will cause the IC to reset if any invalid key is pressed , and entire key code has to be re entered.
When the correct key combination is pressed the out put ( relay) will be activated for a preset time determined by the capacitor C1.Here it is set to be 6S.Increase C1 to increase on time.
For the key pad, arrange switches in a 3X4 matrix on a PCB.Write the digits on the keys using a marker.Instead of using numbers I wrote some symbols!.The bad guys will be more confused by this.
Circuit Diagram .Click to Enlarge. Pin Assignment of LS7220.
Parts List
C1 1 1uF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C2 1 220uF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
R1 1 2.2K 1/4W Resistor
Q1 1 2N3904 NPN Transistor 2N2222
D1 1 1N4148 Rectifier Diode 1N4001-1N4007
K1 1 12V SPDT Relay Any appropriate relay with 12V coil
U1 1 LS7220 Digital Lock IC
S1-S12 12 SPST Momentary Pushbutton Keypad (see notes)
HD1 1 12 Position Header
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Fire alarm circuit
Fire alarm circuit
Fire alarm circuit
Description.
Here is a simple fire alarm circuit based on a LDR and lamp pair for sensing the fire.The alarm works by sensing the smoke produced during fire.The circuit produces an audible alarm when the fire breaks out with smoke.
When there is no smoke the light from the bulb will be directly falling on the LDR.The LDR resistance will be low and so the voltage across it (below .6V).The transistor will be OFF and nothing happens.When there is sufficient smoke to mask the light from falling on LDR, the LDR resistance increases and so do the voltage across it.Now the transistor will switch to ON.This gives power to the IC1 and it outputs 5V.This powers the tone generator IC UM66 (IC2) to play a music.This music will be amplified by IC3 (TDA 2002) to drive the speaker.
The diode D1 and D2 in combination drops 1.4 V to give the rated voltage (3.5V ) to UM66 .UM 66 cannot withstand more than 4V.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.
Notes.
- The speaker can be a 8Ω tweeter.
- POT R4 can be used to adjust the sensitivity of the alarm.
- POT R3 can be used for varying the volume of the alarm.
- Any general purpose NPN transistor(like BC548,BC148,2N222) can be used for Q1.
- The circuit can be powered from a 9V battery or a 9V DC power supply.
- Instead of bulb you can use a bright LED with a 1K resistor series to it.
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Lead acid battery charger circuit
Lead acid battery charger circuit
Lead acid battery charger circuit
Description
Here is a lead acid battery charger circuit using IC LM 317.The IC here provides the correct charging voltage for the battery.A battery must be charged with 1/10 its Ah value.This charging circuit is designed based on this fact.The charging curent for the battery is controlled by Q1 ,R1,R4 and R5. Potentiometer R5 can be used to set the charging current.As the battery gets charged the the current through R1 increases .This changes the conduction of Q1.Since collector of Q1 is connected to adjust pin of IC LM 317 the voltage at the output of of LM 317 increases.When battery is fully charged charger circuit reduces the charging current and this mode is called trickle charging mode.
Circuit Diagram with Parts List.
Notes .
- Connect a battery to the circuit in series with a ammeter.Now adjust R5 to get the required charging current. Charging current = (1/10)*Ah value of battery.
- Input to the IC must be minimum 15V to get 12 V for charging the battery .Take a look at the data sheet of LM 317 for better understanding.
- Fix LM317 with a heat sink.
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Infrared motion detector circuit
Infrared motion detector circuit
Infrared motion detector circuit
Description.
Here is the circuit diagram of an infrared motion detector that can be used to sense intrusions.Infra red rays reflected from a static object will be in one phase, and the rays reflected from a moving object will be in another phase.The circuit uses this principle to sense the motion.
The IC1 (NE 555) is wired as an astable multivibrator .The IR diode connected at the output of this IC produces infrared beams of frequency 5Khz.These beams are picked by the photo transistor Q1 .At normal condition ie; when there is no intrusion the output pin (7) of IC2 will be low.When there is an intrusion the phase of the reflected waveforms has a difference in phase and this phase difference will be picked by the IC2.Now the pin 7 of the IC 2 goes high to indicate the intrusion.An LED or a buzzer can be connected at the output of the IC to indicate the intrusion.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.
- Comparators IC2a and IC2b are belonging to the same IC2 (LM1458).So the power supply is shown connected only once.No problem.
- When there is disturbance in the air or vehicles passing nearby,the circuit may get false triggered.
- POT R5 can be used for sensitivity adjustment.
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Long Range FM Transmitter 1
Long Range FM Transmitter 1
Long Range FM Transmitter 1
How to make a long range FM transmitter at low cost
Description
The use of transmitters which have a more powerful output than the ‘flea-power’ are sometimes required when there are many obstacles in the path of the surveillance transmitter and monitoring station receiver, or the distance between them is too far so as to make a low powered device feasible. Whereas a typical microtransmitter will produce an RF power in the order of just a few milliwatts, i.e. a few thousandths of a watt, the VHF-FM transmitter described has a power output of between around a half and 2 watts, depending on the power source, which may be anywhere between 6 volts and 30 volts d.c. The battery or batteries should be of the alkaline high power type, since the current drain will be found to be relatively higher when compared to microtransmitter current drain. The power output of this device is somewhat proportional to the current drain and so therefore both may be decreased by altering the value of R6 to a higher resistance, or a variable resistor with a value of around 1k may be introduced in series with the existing R6, so as to give a variable power output. The variable resistor must not be a wirewound device because this would act as an inductor which will cause feedback problems.The audio input to the power oscillator, which incidentally is formed by TR2 and associated components, is derived from a piezoelectric microphone which drives the simple audio frequency amplifier TR1. The input of the audio amplifier is controlled by the gain pot R1, which selects the correct amount of voltage that is generated by the piezoelectric microphone, then connects this signal to the base of audio amplifier TR1 via C7. It may be found that there is insufficient housing space for a bulky piezoelectric microphone, so with a slight modification to the circuit, it is possible to employ an electret microphone insert as shown. Since the RF field that is generated by this transmitter is relatively large, the problem of RF feedback may very well be encountered. This may be overcome by placing the transmitter inside a metal enclosure, keeping all internal wiring as short as possible and the aerial wire.
Component listing for 1 watt transmitter
Resistors Semiconductors R1 = 27k TR1 = BC547 R2 = 330k TR2 = 2N2219 fitted with heatsink R3 = 5k6 MIC = piezoelectric microphone R4, 5 = 10k R6 = 100R
L = 6 turns 22 gauge enamelled wire wound on 3⁄16″ former
Capacitors
C1, 2, 3, 8 = 330 pF C4 = 2–10 pF trimmer C5 = 4p7 C6 = 1 nF
C7,C8 = 40uF/25V Electrolytic
Circuit diagram for Long range FM Transmitter
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150 Watt amplifier circuit
150 Watt amplifier circuit
Description
This is the cheapest 150 Watt amplifier circuit you can get,I think.Based on two Darlington power transistors TIP 142 and TIP 147 ,this circuit can deliver a blasting 150 W Rms to a 4 Ohm speaker.Enough for you to get rocked?,then try out this.
TIP 147 and 142 are complementary Darlington pair transistors which can handle 5 A current and 100V ,famous for their ruggedness. Here two BC 558 transistorsQ5 and Q6 are wired as pre amplifier and TIP 142 ,TIP 147 together with TIP42 (Q1,Q2,Q3) for driving the transistors.This circuit is designed so rugged that this can be assembled even on a common board or even by pin to pin soldering.The circuit can be powered from a +/-45V 5A dual power supply.You must try this circuit.Its working great.
Circuit Diagram & Parts List .
Notes.
- Remember TIP 142 and 147 are Darlington pairs .They are shown as conventional transistors in figure for ease.So don’t get confused.Even though each of them have 2 transistors ,2 resistors and 1 diode inside ,only three pins ,base emitter and collector are coming out.Rest are connected internally.So its quite OK to assume each of them as transistor for ease.
- Use a well regulated and filtered power supply.
- Connect a 10K POT in series with the input as volume control if you need.Not shown in circuit diagram.
TIP 142 & 147 Internal diagram and pin out.
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100 Watt inverter circuit
100 Watt inverter circuit
100 Watt inverter circuit
Description
Here is a 100 Watt inverter circuit using minimum number of components.I think it is quite difficult to make a decent one like this with further less components.Here we use CD 4047 IC from Texas Instruments for generating the 100 Hz pulses and four 2N3055 transistors for driving the load.
The IC1 Cd4047 wired as an astable multivibrator produces two 180 degree out of phase 100 Hz pulse trains.These pulse trains are are preamplifes by the two TIP122 transistors.The out puts of the TIP 122 transistors are amplified by four 2N 3055 transistors (two transistors for each half cycle) to drive the inverter transformer.The 220V AC will be available at the secondary of the transformer.Nothing complex just the elementary inverter principle and the circuit works great for small loads like a few bulbs or fans.If you need just a low cost inverter in the region of 100 W,then this is the best.
Circuit Diagram with Parts List.
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- A 12 V car battery can be used as the 12V source.
- Use the POT R1 to set the output frequency to50Hz.
- For the transformer get a 9-0-9 V , 10A step down transformer.But here the 9-0-9 V winding will be the primary and 220V winding will be the secondary.
- If you could not get a 10A rated transformer , don’t worry a 5A one will be just enough. But the allowed out put power will be reduced to 60W.
- Use a 10 A fuse in series with the battery as shown in circuit.
- Mount the IC on an IC holder.
- Remember,this circuit is nothing when compared to advanced PWM inverters.This is a low cost circuit meant for low scale applications.
Design Tips.
The maximum allowed output power of an inverter depends on two factors.The maximum current rating of the transformer primary and the current rating of the driving transistors.
For example ,to get a 100 Watt output using 12 V car battery the primary current will be ~8A ,(100/12) because P=VxI.So the primary of transformer must be rated above 8A.
Also here ,each final driver transistors must be rated above 4A. Here two will be conducting parallel in each half cycle, so I=8/2 = 4A .
These are only rough calculations and enough for this circuit.
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Remote toggle switch circuit
Remote toggle switch circuit
Remote toggle switch circuit
Description.
In application level this circuit is similar to that of the circuit given previously. The only difference is in the approach. This circuit is designed by using another method. Using this circuit you can toggle any electrical appliance between ON and OFF states by using your TV remote. The only requirement is that your TV remote should be operating in the 38 KHz.
The IC1 (TSOP 1738) is used to receive the infrared signals from the remote. When no IR signal from remote is falling on IC1, its output will be high. When the IR signal from the remote falls on the IC1, its output goes low. This triggers the IC2 which is wired as a monostable multivibrator.The output of the IC2 (pin6) goes high for a time of 1S (set by the values of R2 and C3.This triggers the flip flop (IC2) and its Q output (pin 15) goes high. This switches on the transistor, which activates the relay and the appliance connected via relay is switched ON. For the next press of remote the IC1 will be again triggered which in turn makes the IC2 to toggle its output to low state. The load will be switched OFF. This cycle continues for each press of the remote. The pin 6 and pin 4 of IC1 are shorted to avoid false triggering.The diode D1 can be used as a freewheeling diode.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.
Notes.
- Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board.
- The circuit can be powered from a 5V DC regulated power supply.
- The capacitors must be rated 15 V.
- The IC1&IC2 must be mounted on holders.
- The current capacity of relay determines the load circuit can switch.Use a high amperage(`10A or above) relay for driving large loads like motor,heater etc.
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Remote controlled appliance switch circuit
Remote controlled appliance switch circuit
Description.
Here is a versatile remote controlled appliance switch that can ON or OFF any appliance connected to it using a TV remote.
IR remote sensor IC TSOP 1738 is used for recieving the signal. Normally when no signal is falling on IC3 the output of it will be high.This makes Q1 OFF.When a signal of 38 KHz from the TV remote falls on the IC3 its output goes low.This makes Q1 conduct and a negative pulse is obtained at pin 2 of IC 1 NE 555.Due to this IC1 wired as a monostable multivibrator produces a 4 Sec long high signal at its out put.This high out put is the clock for IC 2 which is wired as a Flipflop and of , its two outputs pin 3 goes low and pin 2 goes high.The high output at pin 2 is amplified to drive the relay .For the next signal the outputs of IC2 toggles state. Result, we get a relay toggling on each press on the remote.Any appliance connected to this circuit can be switched ON or OFF.
Circuit Diagram with Parts List .
Notes.
- Before wiring the circuit make sure that the carrier frequency of the TV remote you have is 38 KHz.For that wire the sensor part only ,point your remote to the TSOP1738 and press any switch.If out put of TSOP1738 goes low them ok, your remote is of 38Khz type.Nothing to worry almost all TV remote are of this type.
- You can use any switch because for any switch the code only changes,the carrier frequency remains same.We need this carrier frequency only.
- Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board.
- The appliance can be connected through NO or NC and contacts of the relay .
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Metal Detector Circuit
Metal Detector Circuit
Description
This is the circuit diagram of a low cost metal detector using a single transistor circuit and an old pocket radio..This is nothing but a Colpitts oscillator working in the medium band frequency and a radio tuned to the same frequency.First the radio and the circuit are placed close.Then the radio is tuned so that there is no sound from radio.In this condition the radio and the circuit will be in same frequency and same frequencies beat off to produce no sound.This is the set up.When the metal detector circuit is placed near to a metal object the inductance of its coil changes , and so do the frequency of oscillations.Now the two frequency will be different , there will be no canceling and radio produces a hissing sound.The metal is detected.
Note
To make L1 make 60 turns of 36SWG enameled Copper wire on a 1 cm PVC tube.
Powering the circuit using a adapter rather than a battery induces noise. It is always good to power radio projects from battery.
Circuit Diagram & Parts List .
Description
This is the circuit diagram of a low cost metal detector using a single transistor circuit and an old pocket radio..This is nothing but a Colpitts oscillator working in the medium band frequency and a radio tuned to the same frequency.First the radio and the circuit are placed close.Then the radio is tuned so that there is no sound from radio.In this condition the radio and the circuit will be in same frequency and same frequencies beat off to produce no sound.This is the set up.When the metal detector circuit is placed near to a metal object the inductance of its coil changes , and so do the frequency of oscillations.Now the two frequency will be different , there will be no canceling and radio produces a hissing sound.The metal is detected.
Note
To make L1 make 60 turns of 36SWG enameled Copper wire on a 1 cm PVC tube.
Powering the circuit using a adapter rather than a battery induces noise. It is always good to power radio projects from battery.
Circuit Diagram & Parts List .
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Radio Collar Transmitter
Radio Collar Transmitter
Description
This is the circuit diagram of a radio transmitter suitable for fitting on radio collars.The circuit transmits a pulse in the FM between band 88MHz to 105Mhz , which can be adjusted.IC Ne 555 is wired as an astable multivibrator for producing the tone.L1 ,C3 and Q1 forms the modulator.Q2 performs the final power amplification.
Notes
For the inductor make 5 turns of .5 mm dia insulated copper wire on a standard ball pen refill.Remove the refill and make a tap at the center of coil.To vary transmission frequency experiment with number of turns.Carefull! what ever may be the no of turns the tap must be at center.Use a 50 Cm long insulated copper wire as antenna.
Parts List
R1…………………………………. 10K
R2 …………………………………1 M Ohm
R3 ………………………………….330 Ohm
R4 …………………………………..1 M Ohm
R5……………………………………. 330 Ohm
R6 ……………………………………200 Ohm POT
C1 ……………………………………..0.1 uF Ceramic
C2…………………………………….. 0.01 uF Ceramic
C3…………………………………….. 13 pF Ceramic
C4 ,C5, C6,C5 ……………………..0.01 uF Ceramic
Q1 ,Q2 ………………………………..2N4392 JFET
D1 ……………………………………….1N 914 Diode
IC 1……………………………………… NE 555
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Mobile incoming call indicator
Mobile incoming call indicator
Mobile incoming call indicator
By admin
Description.
This circuit can be used to escape from the nuissance of obile phone rings when you are at home.This circuit will give a visual indication if placed near a mobile phone even if the ringer is deactivated.
When a call is coming to the mobile phone, the transmitter inside it becomes activated.The frequency of the transmitter is around 900MHz.The coil L1 picks up these oscillations by induction and feds it to the base of Q1.This makes the transistor Q1 activated.Since the Collector of Q1 is connected to the pin 2 of IC1 (NE555) , the IC1 is triggered to make the LED connected at its output pin (pin 3) to blink.The blinking of the LED is the indication of incoming call.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.
Notes.
- The coil L1 can be made by making 150 turns of 36 SWG enameled copper wire on a 5mm dia plastic former.Or you can purchase a 10 uH coil from shop if available.
- The circuit can be powered from a 6V battery.
- Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB.
- C1 & C3 are to be polyester capacitors.
- The electrolytic capacitor C2 must be rated 10V.
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Digital temperature sensor
Digital temperature sensor
Description.
Here is a straight forward ,yet effective digital temperature controller that can be used with temperature control systems.
The circuit uses IC LM 35 (IC3) to sense the temperature.The output of LM 35 is given to the IC ADC 0804 (IC4) which converts the analog output of the LM 35 to digital output.The ADC 0804 is a 8 bit ADC .Eight LED’s are connected to the output of ADC to show the output logic.If needed the LED’s can be avoided and the output can be connected to any suitable external circuit like temperature controller etc.A 5V fixed voltage regulator based on 7805 (IC1) powers the circuit.Another variable voltage regulator based on LM317(IC2) is used to provide the reference voltage to the ADC 0804.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.
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digital-temperature-sensor-circuit
Notes.
•POT R10 can be used to adjust the scale factor of the ADC.The reference voltage at pin 7 of ADC0804 should be 2.5 V for full scale.
•Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board.
•If 1A bridge is not available make one with four 1N 4007 diodes.
PC TO PC FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION
PC TO PC FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION
The above project uses two nos transreceiver modules ,and the circuit communicates at 9600 kbps. ‘c’ codes comes with along with project
PC TO PC LASER COMMUNICATION
PC TO PC LASER COMMUNICATION
The above project uses two nos transreceiver modules ,and the circuit communicates at 9600 kbps. ‘c’ codes comes with along with project
AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF UNMANNED RAIL GATE
AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF UNMANNED RAIL GATE
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AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF UNMANNED RAIL GATE |
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 automatic railway gate controll project
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| We read news papers very often about the railway accidents happening at un attanded railway gates. Present project is designed to avoid such accidents if emplemented in spirit. this project utilises two powerful ir transmitter and two receivers ,one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from the train comes) at a level higher than human beeing in exact alignment and similarly other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard minimum size of the indian railway. I have considered 5 seconds for this project sensors are fixed at 1000 miters on both sides of the gate we call fore side sensor pair for commong towards gate train and aft sidesensors for the train just crosse the gate when foreside receiver get activated, gate motor is turned on in one direction and gate is closed and stay closed till train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors when aftside receiver get activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor stops . Buzzer will immidiately sound at the fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to avoid trapping between gate. And stop sound after the train has crossed. Two other indications are provided for station master to know the status of gate in case the gate is not closed due to any reason a red signalling light fixed well before gate is enough to alarm the train driver to stop the train . The project is simple emplementation and subject to further improvement. Based on atmel 89c51 microcontroller. | |||||
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HOME APPLIANCE CONTROL THROUGH PC
HOME APPLIANCE CONTROL THROUGH PC
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This is unique project designed to Control Home appliances through your computer, using 1. Hyper Terminal Application area: the project can be used for various application wherever you require control using pc. 1 hotel power management 2.street light management 3.home automation 4.load shedding 5. High voltage grid control 6. Industrial automation 7.electro,hydrolic and pneumatic valve control 8. Robotic control and many more …. No pc software is required if you are using Hyperterminal.How to use hyperterminal is explained in this project.
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2. Dialup network 3. Internet, using web applications 4. Through s.m.s. |
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LOW COST PROJECTS BY INDIANENGINEER
HIGH COST PROJECTS BY INDIANENGINEER
AUTOMATIC INTELLIGENT TOLL -TAX
AUTOMATIC INTELLIGENT TOLL -TAX
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AUTOMATIC INTELLIGENT TOLL -TAX |
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 TOLL TAX PROJECTS
 final year project automatic toll tax block diagram
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| THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO MAKE UNATTENDED AUTOMATIC TOLL TAX STATIONS AT CHECK BARRIERS OR OCTRI CHCK POSTS
Automatic toll tax project is designed ,using atmel 89c51 microcontroller & descreate componants. Heart of the project is an ir transmitter and receiver modules ,these strong powerfull modules transmits 38khz strong ir beam, has a range of more than 15 feets are sufficiently enough for our project. I have designed this project as a simple emplementation of the toll collection process automatically in a model form. This should not be considered as a real toll collection system which require much more considerations , tests and huge amount of money, before they are actually put into use.
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However this project gives enough guidelines for the actual dvelopment of the toll collection system. For the sake of simplicity , we have to make coin box exactly same as used in pco coin box machine fixed on railway station or else whare. We have to make two coin size holes one for one rupee, and other for five rupee coin. You have to fixup coin sensors on these holes, one sensor should be fixed for five rupee coin and one sensor for one rupee coin. OPERATION: when light vehicle is detected, one rupee sensor led will glow also the device will speak out ” please enter one rupee” in three languages. if the coin is inserted, it will stop asking for the coin and gate will open. when the vehicle croses other side of the gate the gate will close. also the count value on the lcd will be updated . operation is similar for heavy vehicle where the device is going to ask for “five rupee coin” the project will maintain the complete details of all the vehicles crossing that way.. so no vehicle can cross without paying.
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I.V.R.S SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROL
I.V.R.S SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROL
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I.V.R.S SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROL  INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE SYSTEM
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| THE MENTIONED PROJECT IS BASED ON THE WORLD,S MOST POWERFUL INTEL CONTROLLER 8051. MOST OF THE SERVICES PROVIDED IN TODAYS WORLD ARE VOICE INTERACTIVE, YOU CALL UP YOUR BANK AND COMPUTRISED VOICE WILL SPEAK TO YOU,AND GUIDE YOU TO ENTER A PARTICULAR NUMBER FROM YOUR PHONE TO GET THE DESIRED SERVICE.THIS SERVICE IS ONLY AVAILABLE THROUGH THE FAST SPEED COMPUTERS AND HAVING HUGE AMMOUNT OF MEMORY.WE EMPLEMENTED INTERACTIVE SERVICE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
YOU CAN SWITCH ON/OFF DEVICES USING YOUR MOBILE PHONE OR LAND LINE PHONE EIGHT NUMBERS LOADS CAN BE CONNECTED TO THE EIGHT RELAY PROVIDED.NOT ONLY YOU CAN SWITCH ON /OFF DEVICES IT WILL ALSO DIAL OUT A TELEPHONE NUMBER IN CASE OF SECURITY THREAT,OR ANY SAFETY OR PROTECTION PARAMETERS GOES BEYOND SAFETY LIMIT. IN CASE OF ANY OF THE ABOVE , FOR EX. TEMPERATURE OF THE MACHIONERY HAS GONE BEYOND SAFETY LIMIT ,THE DEVICE WILL FIRST SWITCH OFF THE PLANT AND DIALS OUT THE PRESTORED TELEPHONE NUMBER AND DELIVERS THE EMERGENCY MESSAGE. IT WILL DIAL OUT FOE FIVE TIMES AT THE INTERVAL OF ONE MINUTE AND AGAIN MONITOR THE PARAMETERS, AND IF THE PARAMETERS ARE NOT WITHEN LIMIT AGAIN IT WILL DIAL OUT . THIS CYCLE WILL REPEATE UNTIL THE PARAMETERS BECOMES NORMAL. APPLICATION: THIS PRJECT COULD BE USED FOR VARIETY OF PURPOSE WHERE YOU WANT TO CONTROL SOMETHING REMOTELY. A) SUPPOSE YOU OWN A COMPANY AND ARE THREE OR MORE PARTNERS AND ARE ALWAYS TRAVELLING. YOU HAVE AN OFFICE LOCATED SOME WHERE. AND HAVE A MAIN SERVER YOU DONOT WANT THAT SOMEBODY OTHER THEN YOUR PARTNER SHOULD HANDLE THIS SERVER DUE TO SECURITY REASON. AT THE SAME TIME YOU DONOT WANT TO KEEP YOUR SERVER ALL THE TIME ON SO THER THIS DEVICE COMES TO YOUR HELP ONLY REQUIREMENT FOR THIS DEVICE IS A PARALLEL TELEPHONE CONNECTION.AND OF COURSE POWER SUPPLAY.YOU CAN SWITCH ON YOUR SERVER REMOTELY FROM ANY WHERE IN THE WORLD. WHENYOU DIAL THE NUMBER WHERE THIS DEVICE IS CONNECTED WITH THE SERVER,AFTER EIGHT NUMBER OF BELL RINGING YOU WILL HEAR PLEASE ENTER YOUR PASSWORD. WHEN YOU ENTER THE PASSWORD. IF YOUR PASSWORD IS CORRECT THEN DEVICE WILL FURTHER RESPOND OTHERWISE WITHOUT GIVING ANY FURTHER RESPONSE DEVICE WILL DISCONNECT YOU.IF YOU NUMBER IS CORRECT YOU WILLRECEIVE THESE MESSAGE PRESS ONE FOR NORMAL ON OFF, PRESS TWO FOR PASSWORD CHANGE PRESS THREE FOR TELEPHONE NUMBER CHANGE, PRESS STAR TO LISTEN THIS MENU AGAIN. SO IF YOU PRESS 1 AND 1&1 YOU GET MESSAGE REQUESTED CHANNEL IS ON OR 1&0 REQUESTED CHANNEL IS OFF 1&2 TO NOW THE STATUS OF PREVIUSLY ON OR OFF CHANNELS SIMILARLY WITH ALL THE EIGHT CHANNELS SAME COMBINATIONS ARE APPLIES YOU CAN PRESS STAR(*) TO GO BACK TO PREVIOUS MENU. NOW PRESSING TWO YOU CAN CHANGE THE PASSWORD AND DEVICE WILLRESPOND LIKE THIS PLEASE ENTER YOUR PASSWORD AND YOUR PASSWORD HAS BEEN CHANGED. SIMILARLAY BY PRESSING THREE YOU CAN CHANGE TELEPHONE NUMBRER.AND DEVICE WILL RESPOND PLEASE ENTER NEW TELEPHONE NUMBER &YOUR LELEPHONE NUBBER HAS BEEN CHANGED. B) THIS WAS ONE EXAMPLE OF THIS DEVICE SIMILARLY THIS COULD BE USED TO CONTROL OR SWITCH ON ANY PROCESS CONTROL MACHIONARY WHERE ALLFUNCTIONS ARE AUTOMATIC. ELECTRIC GRID COULD BE CONTROLLED REMOTELY. OR OUTOMATIC PRODUCTION MACHIONERY COULD BE CONTROLLED EVEN DURING ODD HOURS WITH YIUR MOBILE PHONE. SECURITY FEATURES OF THIS DEVICE SUPPOSE THERE IS FIRE AT THE MACHIONERY SPACE THIS DEVICE WILL SWITCH OFF THE MACHIONERY FIRST AND THE DIAL OUR THE PRE STORED NUMBER TO YOUR PHONE AND WILL DELIVER THE EMERGENCY MESSAGE. AND WILL KEEP DIALING UNTILL YOU COME AND PERSONALLY RESET THIS DEVICE. THIS DEVICE HAS THE FOLLOWING BLOCKS 1.RING DETECTOR CIRCUIT COMPRISES OF BRIDGE RECTIFIRE D1-D4 AND OPTO COUPLER U8 MCT2E 2. WATCH DOG TIMER COMPRISING OF IC 7400 AND U7 IC 4047
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Object Counter
Object Counter
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Object Counter |
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 Project Object Counter Block Diagram
The project presented here is based on world’s most powerful microco-ntroller based on intel’s mcs-51 family , generally known as intel-8051. We have used its derivative atmel-89c2051. Operation: A pair of 38khz transmitter and a receive is used to count the objects.  Call IndinEngineer’s To Book This Project
Counts pulses are out from the 38khd receiver which are coupled to an opto coupler. At pin 2 out put of the optocoupler is connected to microcontroller pin 8 p3.4. Ic3 an optocoupler will receive incoming count pulse at pin3 and output from pin 5 is connected to p3.4 pinof the ic2 microcontroller, Two line by 16 character on each line (2×16) is used in nibble mode and maximun count can reach upto 65536 there after it will reset to 00000. SW1 is manual reset switch to make the counter to reset to zero. Circuit is driven by 9v 500m.a. transformer connected to PCON1 Diode D1-D4 forms bridge circuit C1,c2 and c3 are filter capacitors and are part of power supply section.. Ic1 7805 is 5v regulator ic to give stablised supply to microcontroller. Ld1 is a power indication led. R1 controls the current flowing thrugh led LD1 Crystal X1 along with C5 and C6 gives the necessary clock to microcontroller. Capacitor C4 and R2 gives the required reset pulse to microcontroller.
Construction: solder all the parts provided in the kit properly. First connect the jumper wires(links) before you solder the ic sockets. Donot solder integrated circuits directly on the circuit board , it may damage the ic since you my not be experianced soldering person. So solder the ic sockets first on the circuit board. Solder smaller components first like resistance and disk capacitors, assemble the complete kit one by one. Please make sure that there are no short circuits left on to the circuit board. Connect the main supply wire with 230v ac pins at one end ,to the 9v transformer towards primary side to the other open end. . Primary side will have high resistance when checked with multimeter. Connect 2pin plug to the secondary side of the transformer(low resistance side) plug the wire to main and check the ac voltage at the plug connected to the secondary of the transformer. It should be 9v ac. Now connect the plug to the socket connected on to the circuit board. Power supply led ld1 will glow. Check the voltage at the output of the regulator. It should be perfactly 5v dc. Check the voltage at the power supply pins of all the sockets mounted on circuit board it should be 5v dc.
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HOME/ OFFICE SECURITY SYSTEM (8051 BASED)
HOME/ OFFICE SECURITY SYSTEM (8051 BASED)
home security project
Securiy is a matter of great concern to all of us in this world. Normally there are four types of security threat to our property. 1 )Thief, an inturder. 2)Fire, so we use fire sensor. 3)Water spilage /over flow, so we use water sensor. 4) Gas leak , we use gas sensor, whenever there is security breach from one of above or any combination of above. The project takes the following action 1) Sounds an ALARM to attract your
home Security project
or public attention . 2) If the reset sw is not pressed within 30 seconds the projects takes further action, 3) It makes an emergency call to deliver an emergency message stored in speech IC. 4) It will make five attempts to call you before it checks the conditions again. The project presented here is based on world’ s most powerful intel’ s mcs-51 family of microcontroller atmel at89c51. CIRCUIT EXPLANATION: This project is based on 8051 microcontroller.(IC2) IC3 and is used as buffer. IC4 is a one time programmable(otp) chip where messages are stored. This is 21 second speech ic where total of 12 messages can be recorded on eight different locations, but total duration should not be more than 21 seconds. Recorded messages can be played back by setting the trigger pin 10 & 11 to high, making these pin low will stop the message, Setting these pin high will repeatedly replay the same message. IC5 is an audio amplifire . Audio output from speech ic(IC4) pin no 7 cout is coupled to this ic on pin no 3 through VR2 volume control and C10. Amplified output from pin no 5 drives the speaker through capacitor C14. R14 and C13 corrects the tone. .C15 and C16 couples the audio message to telephone line. IC4 needs 3.3v operating voltage .R9 is a voltage dropping resistor, D7 is 3.3v zener diode and C7 is a filter capacitor. These components will always maintain the voltage to3.3v at pin 9,12 of IC4. capacitor C8 is a feed back capacitor.,C9 and R13 connected to pin no 7 of IC 4 are tone corrector.R12 along with the VR1 variable resistor performs the sampling rate adjustment. R10 and R11 connected to pin26 and pin 27 of the microcontroller are voltage dropping resistors. R15 and R16 connected to the base of transister Q1 and Q2 are voltage dropping resistors and drives transistors Q1 & Q2 when set to high logic by microcontroller. Q1 Drives the dial relay RL1and Q2 drives the off-hook relay.RL2…………………… Terms &
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Latest Projects, 2009 – 2010
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- 3. A Low-Cost Solution for an Integrated Multisensor Lane Departure Warning System – 2009
- 4. A Robust Eye Gaze Tracking Method based on a Virtual Eyeball Model – 2009
- 5. Bus Detection Device for the Blind using Passive RFID Application – 2009
- 6. Car Park System: A Review of Smart Parking System and its Technology – 2009
- 7. Research of Traffic Signal Light Intelligent Control System based on Microcontroller – 2009
- 8. The Role of Zigbee Technology in Future Data Communication System – 2009
- 9. Boarding School Students Monitoring Systems (E-ID) Using Radio Frequency Identification – 2009
10. A Unified Framework of Data Exchange Mechanism in an Intelligent Transportation System – 2009
11. Providing Group Tour Guide by RFIDs and Wireless Sensor Networks – 2009
12. Multisensor Strategies to Assist Blind People: A Clear-Path Indicator – 2009
13. Real-Time Pedestrian Detection and Tracking at Nighttime for Driver-Assistance Systems – 2009
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A single-camera feature-based vision system for helicopter autonomous landing – 2009
15. A Smart Car Control Model for Brake Comfort Based on Car Following – 2009
16. A Single-Chip CMOS Smoke and Temperature Sensor for an Intelligent Fire Detector – 2009
17. A Web Service-based Alarm Solution in a TeleCare System – 2009
18. Design & Development of a GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System – 2009
19. Design and Assessment of an Online Passenger Information System for Integrated Multimodal Trip Planning – 2009
20. Design and Implementation of Real Time Vehicle Tracking System – 2009
21. A Wireless Data Acquisition and Transmission System Design – 2009
22. A Zigbee and Zigbee-to-IR Device Control Scheme for Single Media Multi Devices – 2009
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24. Application of Zigbee for Pollution Monitoring Caused by Automobile Exhaust Gases – 2009
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27. A Modular Cost-Effective Mobile Robot Navigation System Using RFID Technology – 2009
28. A multi-robot coordination system based on RFID technology – 2009
29. A Fast Onboard Relative Positioning Module for Multi robot Systems – 2009
30. A Low-Cost Wireless Sensor System and Its Application in Dental Retainers – 2009
31. A New Telemedicine System for the Home Monitoring of Lung Function in Patients with Obstructive Respiratory Diseases – 2009
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33. An Internet-Based Interactive Embedded Data-Acquisition System for Real-Time Applications – 2009
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36. Body Temperature and Electrocardiogram Monitoring Using an SMS-based Telemedicine System – 2009
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48. The Mobile ECG Telemonitoring System based on GPRS and GPS – 2009
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51. The integrated unit for MEMS based Pressure measurement – 2009
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- 107. A Study of New Techniques of Controlled PWM Inverters – 2009
- 108. AI based Design of a Fuzzy Logic Scheme for Speed Control of Induction Motors using SVPWM Technique – 2009
- 109. An Interleaved Boost Converter with Zero-Voltage Transition – 2009
- 110. An Efficient Active LC Snubber for Forward Converters – 2009
- 111. An introduction to I2C and SPI protocols – 2009
- 112. Applications of Short-Range Wireless Technologies to Industrial Automation: A Zigbee Approach – 2009
- 113.
- 114. Zero-Voltage Transition Current-Fed Full-Bridge PWM Converter-2009
- 115. CAN- Based Synchronized Motion Control for Induction Motors – 2009
- 116. Capacitance and Inductance Sensor Circuits for Detecting the Lengths of Open- and Short-Circuited Wires – 2009
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- 117. Capacitor Ripple Current in an Interleaved PFC Converter – 2009
- 118. Comprehensive Approach to Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays – 2009
- 119. Current Self-Balance Mechanism in Multiphase Buck Converter – 2009
- 120. Control and Protection of Power Electronics Interfaced Distributed Generation Systems in a Customer-Driven Microgrid – 2009
- 121. Closed-Loop Modeling in Future Automation System Engineering And Validation – 2009
- 122. Design and Control for a Charge-Regulated Fly Back Switch-Mode Rectifier – 2009
- 123. Digital Control of Resonant Converters: Enhancing Frequency Resolution by Dithering – 2009
- 124. Very-High-Frequency Resonant Boost Converters – 2009
- 125. Direct Yaw Moment Control of an In-Wheel-Motored Electric Vehicle based on Body Slip Angle Fuzzy Observer – 2009
- 126.
- 127. Dual-Current Pump Module for Transient Improvement of Step-Down Dc–Dc Converters – 2009
- 128. Dynamic Integration of Zigbee Home Networks Into Home Gateways Using Osgi Service Registry – 2009
- 129. Dynamics of Multilevel Inverter based Series Compensator for Transmission Lines – 2009
- 130. Extending the Modeling Framework for Wind Generation Systems: RlS-Based Paradigm for Performance Under High Turbulence Inflow – 2009
- 131. Energy Efficient Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor – A Review – 2009
- 132. Embedded Web Server for Wireless Sensor Networks – 2009
- 133. Family Of Soft-Switching Pwm Converters with Current Sharing In Switches – 2009
- 134. Fuzzy Multi-State Allocation of the Diesel Engine Fuel Supply System – 2009
- 135. Global and Local Chassis Control based on Load Sensing – 2009
- 137. Light-Load Efficiency Improvement for Buck Voltage Regulators – 2009
- 138. Lossless Inductor Current Sensing Method with Improved Frequency Response – 2009
- 139.
- 140. New Method Of Saving Energy for Automobiles – 2009
- 141. Novel Nine-Switch PWM Rectifier-Inverter Topology for Three-Phase UPS Applications – 2009
- 142. On-Body Inertial Sensing and Signal Processing for Clinical Assessment of Tremor – 2009
- 143. Bridge Converter for Low-Output-Voltage High-Output-Current Applications-2009
- 144. Passive and Self-Powered Autonomous Sensors for Remote Measurements – 2009
- 145. Research on Measuring Equipment of Single-phase Electricity-Stealing with Long-distance Monitoring Function – 2009
- 146. Research on Zigbee Wireless Sensors Network based on ModBus Protocol – 2009
- 147. Resonant Contact Less Energy Transfer with Improved Efficiency – 2009
- 148. Loop Daisy Chaining Application Method – 2009
- 149. Reversing Radar System based on CAN Bus – 2009
- 150. Robust Control of DC Motor using Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control with PID Compensator – 2009
- 151. Semi-Digital Interleaved PFC Control with Optimized Light Load Efficiency – 2009
- 152. Single-Loop Current Sensor Less Control for Single-Phase Boost-Type SMR – 2009
- 153.
- 154. Single-Phase Multilevel Pwm Inverter Topologies Using Coupled Inductors – 2009
- 155. Single-Stage Soft-Switching Conerter with Boost Type of Active Clamp for Wide Input Voltage Ranges – 2009
- 156. Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation based Speed Control of Induction Motor using Fuzzy PI Controller – 2009
- 157. Speed-Sensorless, Adjustable-Speed Induction Motor Drive based on Dc Link Measurement – 2009
- 158. An Enhanced parking lot service model using wireless sensor network – 2008
- 159. An Intelligent Mobile Robot Navigation Technique Using RFID Technology – 2008
- 160. ASSIST – Automated System for Surgical Instrument and Sponge Tracking – 2008
- 161. Automated Vehicles For Physically and Visually Challenged – - 2008
- 162. Automatic control of students’ attendance in classrooms using RFID – 2008
- 163. Design of a Semi-Autonomous Parking Assist System – 2008
- 164. Detection of Hazardous Driving Behavior using Fuzzy Logic – 2008
- 165. Detecting Driver Drowsiness using Computer Vision Techniques – 2008
- 166.
- 167. Detection and Recognition of End-of-Speed-Limit and Supplementary Signs for Improved European Speed Limit Support – 2008
- 168. Development of a Module based Platform for Mobile Robots – 2008
- 169. Development of pedestrian-to-vehicle communication system prototype for pedestrian safety using both wide-area and direct communication – 2008
- 170. Using RFID Technology to Develop an Attendance System and Avoid Traffic Congestion around Kindergartens – 2008
- 171. Automatic System for Measuring & Controlling the Length of a Moving Product in Industries – 2008
- 172. Autonomous Driving in a Multi-Level Parking Structure – 2008
- 173. Embedded Vehicle Control System Based on Voice Processing Technologies – 2008
- 174. EnerBee – Example of an Advanced Metering Infrastructure based on Zigbee – 2008
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136. Improved Z-Source Inverter With Reduced Z-Source Capacitor Voltage Stress and Soft-Start Capability – 2009
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- 175. Fingerprinting Passports – 2008
- 176. Breathing Detection: Towards a Miniaturized, Wearable, Battery-Operated Monitoring System -2008
- 177. Centralized Monitoring System for Call Taxies (ARM based) - 2008
- 178.
- 179. Coal Mine Detect and Rescue Robot Design and Research – 2008
- 180. Automated Phone Capture of Diabetes Patients Readings / Consultant Monitoring via the Web – 2008
- 181. Context-Aware Wireless Sensor Networks for Assisted-Living and Residential Monitoring – 2008
- 182. A Fuzzy Controller for Autonomous Negotiation of Stairs by a Mobile Robot with Adjustable Tracks – 2008
- 183. A Blind Navigation System Using RFID for Indoor Environments– 2008
- 184. A Mobile Electronic Toll Collection for E-Commerce Apllications – 2008
- 185. A New Method of Infrared Sensor Measurement for Micromouse Control to Deliver Drugs – 2008
- 186. An On-line Monitoring System of Temperature of Conductors and Fittings Based on GSM SMS and Zigbee – 2008
- 187. A Low Cost GSM/GPRS based Wireless Home Security System – 2008
- 188. An Implementation of an Underground Wireless Sensor Network using Zigbee – 2008
- 189. An integrated Zigbee automation system: An energy saving solution – 2008
- 190. An Ear-Lead ECG based Smart Sensor System with Voice Biofeedback for Daily Activity Monitoring – 2008
- 191.
- 192. An Efficient Solar Energy Harvester for Wireless Sensor Nodes – 2008
- 193. A Low-Cost Intelligent Gas Sensing Device for Military Applications – 2008
- A Clustered Real-Time Remote Monitoring System for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Patients – 2008
- 195. A Comparative Analysis of RFID Adoption in Retail & Manufacturing Sectors – 2008
- 196. A Distributed Measurement System to Estimate Plant Water Content in Agricultural Fields based on Wireless Sensor Networks – 2008
- 197. A novel robot system for surface inspection and diameter measurement of large size – 2008
- 198. A Phone for Human Activity Recognition using Triaxial Acceleration Sensor – 2008
- A Portable Intelligent ECG Monitor based on Wireless Internet and Embedded System Technology – 2008
- 200. A safety critical network for distributed smart traffic signals – 2008
- 201. A Simple Capacitive Security Card System – 2008
- 202. A wireless escape system for industrial accidents using Ad Hoc positioning – 2008
- 203. A tactile System for Informing the Blind on Direction of a Walk – 2008
- 204.
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- 205. A task planner for a dual-arm robot: A geometric formulation – 2008
- 206. A wireless network based on the combination of Zigbee and GPRS – 2008
- 207. A Wireless Network System for Automated Tracking of Construction Materials on Project Sites – 2008
- 208. A Distributed Remote Monitoring System based on ARM for Production Lines –2008
- 209. A Methodology for Implementation the CPAC Approach to Path Tracking with Six-DOF Robotic Manipulators – 2008
- 210. Design and Implementation of Home Automation System – 2008
- 211. Design of an RFID-Based Battery-Free Programmable Sensing Platform – 2008
- 212. Electronic Medical Record for Effective Patient Monitoring Database – 2008
- 213. Efficient Cost-Based Tracking of Scheduled Vehicle Journeys – 2008
- 214. Distributed Real-Time Railway Simulator – 2008
- 215. Driving Guidance System Based on Wireless Sensor Network – 2008
- 216. Dynamic Traffic Light Sequence Algorithm using RFID – 2008
- 217. E-Inclusion Technologies for the Speech Handicapped – 2008
- 218.
- 219. Fingerprint Authentication System using a Low-Priced Webcam – 2008
- 220. Fingerprint Authentication using Back-Propagation Algorithm – 2008
- 221. Forest Fire Detection System based on a Zigbee Wireless Sensor Network – 2008
- 222. Framework for Pervasive Health Monitoring – 2008
- 223. GPS-based Vehicle Tracking System-on-Chip – 2008
- 224. GSM based Secured ATM Banking – 2008
- 225. GSM-based Notification Speed Detection for Monitoring Purposes – 2008
- 226. GPS-Based Path Following Control for a Car-Like Wheeled Mobile Robot With Skidding and Slipping – 2008
- 227. GSM / GPRS based Wireless Motion Detection System using PIR Sensor – 2008
- 228. Hydraulic Simulation and Remote Control System of Field Robot – 2008
- 229. Implementation Of a CAN-Based Multi Controller Digital Driving System for a Vehicle – 2008
- 230. Implementation of Obstacle Avoidance and ZigBee Control Functions for Omni Directional Mobile Robot – 2008
- 231. Indoor Autonomous Navigation of Blind Persons using RFID Sensing Robots – 2008
- 232. Integration of RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks – 2008
- 233. Integration of Terrestrial Laser Scanner for Ground Navigation in GPS-Challenged Environments – 2008
- 234. Interactive Object Acquisition based on Robot Technology Middleware (RTM) for 3 – Axis Robot – 2008
- 235. Location-based System for Mobile Devices using RFID – 2008
- 236. Networked sensor monitoring using the universal IEEE 1451 Standard – 2008
- 237. Micro-Controller based Remote Monitoring using Mobile through Spoken Commands – 2008
- 238. Measuring and Transmitting Vital Body Signs using MEMS Sensor – 2008
- 239. Mobile Hacking Prevention and Theft Detection using GSM & GPS Technology – 2008
- 240. Mobile Messaging Services based personal Electrocardiogram Monitoring System – 2008
- 241. Mobile Web Server for Elderly People Monitoring – 2008
- 242. Networked Wireless Meter Reading System based on Zigbee Technology – 2008
- 243. Neural Network Based Efficient Knowledge Discovery in Hospital Databases Using RFID Technology – 2008
- 244. Parking Guidance System Based on Wireless Sensor Network – 2008
- 245. Path Planning Automated Guided Robot – 2008
- 246. Patient Monitoring using GSM & Zigbee for Hospitals & Old age Homes – 2008
- 247.
- 248. PGS: Parking Guidance System based on Wireless Sensor Network – 2008
- 249. Pinpointing the Place of Origin of a Cellular Phone Emergency Call Using Active RFID Tags – 2008
- 250. Policy and Role based Mobile RFID User Privacy Data Management System– 2008
- 251. Real-Time, Automatic Animal Tracking using Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum – 2008
- 252. Real-time Bluetooth communication system for control of a mobile robot – 2008
- 253. Real-Time Control of a Two-Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Mobile Robot – 2008
- 254. Remote Controlling of Home Appliances using Mobile Telephony – 2008
- 256. RFID application strategy and Deployment in Bike Renting system – 2008
- 257. RFID based Vehicle Number Tracking and Traffic Monitoring - 2008
- 258. Robotic Software Architecture for Multi-sensor Fusion System – 2008
- 259. Robust and Accurate Surface Measurement Using Structured Light – 2008
- 260.
- 261. Robust and Efficient Password-Authenticated Key Agreement using Smart Cards or Campus Management – 2008
- 262. Shortest Path Finding using GPS based Navigation System in Critical Situation – 2008
- 263. SIP-RLTS: An RFID Location Tracking System based on SIP – 2008
- 264. The Research and Development of the Highway Electronic Toll Collection System – 2008
- 265. The measurement of oxygen saturation in arterial and venous blood – 2008
- 266. Tamper Detection in RFID-Enable Supply Chains – 2008
- 267. Three-Dimensional Password for More Secure Authentication – 2008
- 268. Traffic Management by Constant Time to Collision – 2008
- 269. Train Auto Control System based on OSGi – 2008
- 270. Transport Security using Mobile Technology – 2008
- 271. Travel time prediction under heterogeneous traffic conditions using global positioning system data from buses – 2008
- 272. USB Sensor Network for Industrial Applications – 2008
- 273. Wireless Sensor Networks for Resources Tracking at Building Construction Sites – 2008
- 274. Wireless Sludge Level Monitoring based on Bluetooth Sensing Nodes – 2008
- 275.
- 276. Visual Servo Control of a Three Degree of Freedom Robotic Arm System – 2008
- 277. Walking Hexapod Robot in Disaster Recovery: Developing Algorithm for Terrain Negotiation and Navigation – 2008
- 278. Web based Personal Health Systems – Models and Specifics – 2008
- 279. Wheelchair Type Biomedical System with Event-Recorder Function – 2008
- 280. Wireless Healthcare Monitoring System for Home – 2008
- 281. Wireless Sensor Network for Wearable Physiological Monitoring – 2008
- 282. Wireless Network for Measurement of Whole-Body Vibration – 2008
- 283. Wireless Reprogramming of Vehicle Electronic Control Units – 2008
- 284. Zigbee for Intelligent Transport system applications – 2008
- 285. Zigbee source route technology in Home application – 2008
- 286. ZigBee WiMAX Nursery System for patient monitoring – 2008
- 287. Zigbee Wireless Vehicular Identification and Authentication System – 2008
- 288. Zigbee-based Alarm System for Pervasive Health Care in Rural Areas – 2008
- 289. ZigBee Based Wireless Sensor Networks and Its Applications in Industrial – 2008
- 290. ZigBee Device Access Control & Reliable Data Transmission in ZigBee Based Health Monitoring System – 2008
- 291. Zigbee Device Access Control and Reliable Data Transmission in Zigbee based Health Monitoring System – 2008
- 292. A Fuzzy Logic Controlled Sliding Mode Control (SMC) of Inverter in Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement – 2008
- 293. A CAN based Distributed Control System for Autonomous All-Terrain vehicle (ATV) – 2008
- 294. A Novel Automatic Utility Data Collection System using IEEE 802.15.4 – Compliant Wireless Mesh Networks – 2008
- 295. A Novel Zero Voltage Transition Synchronous Buck Converter for Portable Application – 2008
- 296. Adaptive Rate Control Low Bit-Rate Video Transmission Over Wireless Zigbee Networks – 2008
- 297. Defect Prevention and Detection in Software for Automated Test Equipment – 2008
- 298. Design & Implementation of Short Message Query System using GSM Modem – 2008
- 299. Design and Implementation of PLC-based Monitoring Control System for Three-Phase Induction Motors Fed by PWM Inverter – 2008
- 300. Design of an Intelligent Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter with Half Bridge Topology – 2008
- 301. Direct Torque Neuro Fuzzy Speed Control of an Induction Machine Drive based on a New Variable Gain PI Controller – 2008
- 302.
- 303. Embedded Controlled Z Source Inverter Fed Induction Motor Drive – 2008
- 304. Estimation of travel time using fuzzy clustering metho – 2008
- 305. Improving Speed Control of Induction Motors through Fuzzy-SMC-PI Control – 2008
- 306. Instrumentation notes – Distributed measurement systems-A web system approach – 2008
- 307. Multi-Input Fuzzy Logic Controller for Brushless DC Motor Drives – 2008
- 308. Modeling of Indoor power line for Substation monitoring using Broadband Power line Communications – 2008
- 309. Microcontroller based Standalone PV system for Wireless Sensor Node – 2008
- 310. Operational Analysis and Comparative Evaluation of Embedded Z-Source Inverters – 2008
- 311. Performance of an Industrial Data Communication Protocol on Ethernet Network – 2008
- 312. Remote Power ON/OFF control & current measurement for Home Electric Outlets based on a Low Power Embedded Board & Zigbee communication – 2008
- 313. Remote Sensing and Control of an Irrigation System using a Distributed Wireless Sensor Network – - 2008
- 314. Smart Configurable Wireless Sensors and Actuators for Industrial Monitoring and Control – 2008
- 315. Smart Wireless Temperature Data Logger Using IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee Protocol – 2008
- 316. Soft Switched AC-Link AC/AC and AC/DC Buck-Boost Converter – 2008
- 317. Software/hardware co-design of a vehicle trajectory monitoring system – 2008
- 318. A Hands Gesture System of Control for an Intelligent Wheelchair – 2007
- 319. The Electronic Passport and the Future of Government Issued RFID based Identification – 2007
- 320. RF Controller Development and Its Application in Intelligent Transport system – 2007
- 321. A RFID System to Help Visually Impaired People in Mobility – 2007
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255. Remote Data Capture, Acquisition and Sending SMS to Remote Mobile – 2008
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- 322. Voice Command Control for Mobile Robots – 2007
- 323. An RFID based Pilgrim Identification System – 2007
- 324. Adaptive Car Safety System – 2007
- 325. Wearable Physiological Monitoring System using 2.4Ghz RF Transceiver – 2007
- 326. An autonomous surveillance and security robot team – 2007
- 327. An Infant Monitoring System Using CO / sub 2 / Sensors – 2007
- 328. An Electronic Meter for Measuring the Saving in Electrical power – 2007
- 329. A Sensor for urban Driving Assistance Systems based on Dense Stereovision – 2007
- 330.
- 331. Develop a Multiple Interface Based Fire Fighting Robot – 2007
- 332. Development of Autonomous Robotic Wheelchair Controller Using Embedded – 2007
- 333. Development of a Person Following Mobile Robot in Complicated Background by Using Distance and Color Information – 2007
- 334. Extended Health Visibility in the Hospital Environment – 2007
- 335. Face Detection using PCA and Skin-Tone Extraction for Drowsy Driver Application – 2007
- 336. A Wireless Sensor Network Prototype for Environmental Monitoring in Greenhouses – 2007
- 337. Processor Customization for Wearable Bio-Monitoring Platforms – 2007
- 338. Parking Guidance System using RFID and Image Processing Techniques in WSN Environment – 2007
- 339. Methods and Techniques for Intelligent Navigation and Manipulation for Bomb Disposal and Rescue Operations – 2007
- 340. Using AC Motors in Robotics – 2007
- 341. Solar Energy Conversion System using Power Electronics – 2007
- 342. The design and implementation of an autonomous campus patrol robot – 2007
- 343. The Design of Vehicle emergent calling system based on GPRS – 2007
- 344. Shopping Path Analysis and Transaction mining based on RFID Technology – 2007
- 345. Robust on-Vehicle Real-Time Visual Detection of American and European Speed Limit Signs, with a Modular Traffic Signs Recognition System – 2007
- 346. Custom wireless sensor network based on Zigbee – 2007
- 347. Challenge: Peers on Wheels – A Road to New Traffic Information System – 2007
- 348. Design of Air pollution monitoring system using Zigbee n/w for Ubiquitous-city – 2007
- 349. Design and Implementation of Internet Based Healthcare Robot System – 2007
- 350. Design and Implementation of ZigBee based URC Applicable to Legacy Home Appliances – 2007
- 351. Design, Implementation and Real-Time Digital Control of a Cart-Mounted Inverted Pendulum using Atmel AVR Microcontroller – 2007
- 352. Home based Healthcare Monitoring over Wireless Biomedical Sensor Network – 2007
- 353. Remote-controlled Home Robot Server with Zigbee Sensor Network – 2007
- 354. MeshEye: A Hybrid – Resolution Smart Camera Mote for Applications in Distributed Intelligent Surveillance – 2007
- 355. Intelligent Fleet Management System with Concurrent GPS & GSM – 2007
- 356. Intelligent Vehicular Transportation System (In Ve Tras) – 2007
- 357. Localization in Zigbee based Sensor Networks – 2007
- 358.
- 359. Implementation of an Automatic Fingerprint Identification System – 2007
- 360. Measurement of ECG, Respiratory Rate, Tilt and Temperature of a Patient and Wireless Zigbee Data Transmission – 2007
- 361. Automatic Power Meter Reading system using GSM Network – 2007
- 362. Transportation Quality Monitor Using Sensor Active RFID – 2007
- 363. Using Fuzzy Logic in Automated Vehicle Control – 2007
- 364. Ultra Low Power Wireless weather Station – 2007
- 365. The Vitals Signs Data Monitoring via GPS Navigation System – 2007
- 366. NCCU Security Warrior: An Intelligent Security Robot System – 2007
- 367. Predicting Parking Lot Occupancy in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks – 2007
- 368. Realization of Home remote control network based on Zigbee – 2007
- 369. Wireless Network based Tracking and Monitoring on Project Sites of Construction Materials – 2007
- 370. Wireless Stand-Alone Portable Patient Monitoring and Logging System – 2007
- 371. Zigbee based wireless sensor network and its application in Industrial – 2007
- 372. Wireless Access Monitoring and Control System based on Digital Door Lock – 2007
- 373. Zigbee for Building Control Wireless Sensor Networks – 2007
- 374. An Integrated Zigbee Automation System: An Energy Saving Solution – 2007
- 375. Performance Evaluation of Bridgeless PFC Boost Rectifiers – 2007
- 376. Network Characteristics of Urban environments for Wireless BAN – 2007
- 377. Multibus Integration Design in Conveyor Control System – 2007
- 378. Fuzzy Logic Control for a Speed Control of Induction Motor using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation – 2007
- 379. Fuzzy Controller Designed by GA for Two-Wheeled Mobile Robots – 2007
- 380. Fuzzy Logic Control of Induction Motor with Input Output Feedback Linearization – 2007
- 381. Improving the Power Density of the ZVS-SVM Controlled Three-Phase Boost PFC Converter – 2007
- 382. Integrating Fingerprint with Cryptosystem for Internet based Live Pay-TV System – 2007
- 383. Replacing Cryptography with Ultra Wideband (UWB) Modulation in Secure RFID – 2007
- 384. A New Parameter for UWB Indoor Channel profile Identification – 2007
- 385. A Novel Soft-Switching Single-Phase AC-DC-AC Converter using New ZVS-PWM Strategy – 2007
- 386.
- 387. A Practical Approach to Wireless GPRS On-Line Power Quality Monitoring System – 2007
- 388. Fault Detection in Internal Combustion Engines using Fuzzy Logic – 2007
- 389. A ZigBee-Based Power Monitoring System with Direct Load Control Capabilities – 2007
- 390. Accuracy, Fast-Response, Cost-Efficient Solar Cell Regulator Suitable fro Low-Power Applications
- 391. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Controller of Switched Reluctance Motor – 2007
- 392. Utilizing RFID Signaling Scheme for Localization of stationary Objects and Speed Estimation of Mobile Objects – 2007
- 393. Vibration Suppression using Single Neuron based PI Fuzzy Controller and Fractional Order Disturbance Observer – 2007
- 394. An Integrated Inverter for a Single-Phase Single-Stage Grid-Connected PV System based on Z-Source – 2007
- 395. Biometric Mobile Template Protection: A Composite Feature based Fingerprint Fuzzy Vault – 2007
- 396. Concurrent Relay-PID Control for Motor Position Servo Systems – 2007
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- 397. The WURDE Robotics Middleware and RIDE Multi-Robot Tele-Operation Interface – 2006
- 398. A Framework for Patient Monitoring – 2006
- 399. Modular Sensor Processing for Robotics based Security in Hazardous Environments – 2006
- 400. Moth-Inspired Chemical Plume Tracing on an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle – 2006
- 401. MERMAID – Multiple Robot Middleware for Intelligent Decision-Making – 2006
- 402. Fuzzy Logic Controller for Two-Mode Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle – 2006
- 403. Fingerprint Verification for Control of Electronic Blast Initiation – 2006
- 404. Development of a Multimode Navigation System for an Assistive Robotics Project – 2006
- 405. Design of an RFID / Zigbee Network for Blind Navigation – 2006
- 406. Digital Radar for Collision Avoidance and Automatic Cruise Control in Transportation – 2006
- 407. Development of Zigbee based Street Light Control System – 2006
- 408. IntelliCarTS: Intelligent Cars Transportation System – 2006
- 409. The Case for Multi-Tag RFID Systems – 2006
- 410. Semi-Autonomous Teleoperation of Multiple Cooperative Robots for Human-Robot lunar Exploration – 2006
- 411. System Architecture of a Wireless Body Area Sensor Network for Ubiquitous Health Monitoring – 2006
- 412. Security Service Robot in ubiquitous Environment based on Cognitive Robotic Engine – 2006
- 413. Remote Wireless Face Recognition Employing Zigbee – 2006
- 414.
- 415. RoboCupRescue – Robot league team IUB Rescue – 2006
- 416. Remote Non-Intrusive Patient Monitoring – 2006
- 417. The Dynamic Control of a Switched Reluctance Drive using Fuzzy Logic – 2006
- 418. The Future of Robot-Assisted Learning in the Home – 2006
- 419. A Review of Multilevel Power Converters – 2006
- 420. BLDC Motor Controlled using Resonant Pole Inverter with Variable Pulse Width Method – 2006
- 421. Applying Modified One-Comparator Counter based PWM Control Strategy to Flyback Converter – 2006
- 422. An Ultra Wearable, Wireless, Low Power ECG Monitoring System – 2006
- 423. Car-to-Car Communication – 2006
- 424. Conveyor Visual Tracking using robot Vision – 2006
- 425. Wireless Sensor Networks for Patient Monitoring – 2006
- 426. Real Time Fleet Monitoring and Security System using GSM Network – 2006
- 427. Novel Long-Term Implantable Blood Pressure Monitoring System with Reduced Baseline Drift – 2006
- 428. Optimum Design Consideration and Implementation of a Novel Synchronous Rectified Soft-Switched Phase-Shift Full-
- 429. Parking Management System using Zigbee – 2006
- 430. Direct ZVS Start-Up of a Current-Fed Resonant Inverter – 2006
- 431. High-Power-Factor Soft-Switched Boost Converter – 2006
- 432. Induction Motor Speed Control using Fuzzy Logic Controller – 2006
- 433. Power-Efficient Pulse Width Modulation DC/DC Converters with Zero Voltage Switching Control – 2006
- 434. Quick Convergecast in Zigbee/IEEE 802.15.4 Tree based Wireless Sensor Networks – 2006
- 435. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID): Applications and Indian Scenario – 2006
- 436. A Humanoid Robot to Prevent Children Accidents – 2005
- 437. A Voice Guiding System for Autonomous Robots- 2005
- 438. An Alternative Configuration for Digitally Controlled Parallel Connected DC-DC Power Converters – 2005
- 439. An RFID Application for the Disabled: Path Finder- 2005
- 440. An Embedded Control System for Intelligent Wheelchair – 2005
- 441. Application Fields of RFID in Health Safety and Environment management – 2005
- 442. Application of Wireless Protocols Bluetooth and Zigbee in Telemetry System Development – 2005
- 443. Applying Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technologies to Unmanned Surface Vehicles – 2005
- 444. Speech Recognition Board and Microphone – 2005
- 445. Vehicle Routing and Road Traffic Simulation: A Smart Navigation System – 2005
- 446. Wireless Control of Vehicle Mirror System using Head Movement and PIC Microcontroller- 2005
- 447. Wireless Sensor Network based Smart Community Security Service – 2005
- 448. Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring of Large public Buildings – 2005
- 449. Development of Autonomous Robotic Wheelchair System – 2005
- 450. Fingerprinting Codes for Live Pay-Television Broadcast via Internet – 2005
- 451. Fuel Cell and Supercapacitors for Automotive Hybrid Electrical System – 2005
- 452. Fuzzy Fingerprints for Text based Information Retrieval – 2005
- 453. Fuzzy Logic Control of Vehicle Suspensions with Dry Friction Nonlinearity – 2005
- 454. Home Care and Health maintenance Systems – 2005
- 455. Integrated Environment for Assisted Movement of Visually Impaired – 2005
- 456. Integrated Motion Control of a Wheelchair in the Longitudinal, Lateral and Pitch Directions – 2005
- 457. Looking-In and Looking-Out of a Vehicle: selected Investigations in Computer Vision based Enhanced Vehicle Safety – 2005
- 458. Neuro Fuzzy Controllers and Application to Autonomous Robots – 2005
- 459. Mobility and Power Budget for a Solar-Powered Polar Rover – 2005
- 460.
- 461. Performance Analysis of a Fuzzy Logic based Rotor Resistance Estimator of an Indirect Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drive – 2005
- 462. Secure and Fast Fingerprint Authentication on Smart Card – 2005
- 463. Remote Physical Device Fingerprinting – 2005
- 464. Sensorless PM Motor with Mullti Degree of Freedom Fuzzy control – 2005
- 465. The OmniTread Serpentine Robot for Industrial Inspection and surveillance – 2005
- 466. Relational Interface for a Voice Controlled Wheelchair- 2005
- 467. Using Fuzzy Controller in Induction Motor Speed Control with Constant Flux – 2005
- 468. A Hybrid Controller Design and Implementation for Switched Reluctance Motor Drives – 2005
- 469. A Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller for a Field-Oriented Induction Motor Drive – 2005
- 470. A Novel Dc-DC Full-Bridge Converter using Energy-Recovery Circuit with Regenerative Transformer – 2005
- 471.
- 472. A Smarter Computer Controlled Model Car
- 473. A Solar-Powered Wireless Data Acquisition Network
- 474. A Tele-Operated Humanoid Robot Drives a Lift Truck
- 475. A TestBed for Voice based Robot Control
- 476. A Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication Protocol for Cooperative Collision Warning
- 477. A Vision based Vehicle Behavior Monitoring and Warning System
- 478. A Wireless based Sensor for Patient Monitoring System with Remote Diagnostic
- 479. Alternative Energy storage system for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
- 480. AMON: A Wearable Multiparameter Medical Monitoring and Alert System
- 481. An Adaptive Fuzzy Control System for Common Rail Direct Injection
- 482. An Automated Test Equipment for calibration of Energy Meters
- 483. An Autonomous Assistant Robot for Book manipulation in a Library
- 484. An Exoskeletal Robot Manipulator for Lower Limbs Rehabilation
- 485. An Intelligent Decision Support System for Wastewater Treatment Plant Management
- 486. An Interface Converter with Reduced VA Ratings for Battery-Supercapacitor Mixed Systems
- 487. An In-Vehicle Vision System for Dangerous Situation Detection
- 488. ANN – Control System DC Motor
- 489. Automated Vehicle Control System
- 490. Autonomous Localization and Extraction of Books in a Library
- 491. BlueBot: Asset tracking via Robotic location Crawling
- 492. Vision based Human Tracking and Activity Recognition
- 493. Vision based Navigation for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- 494. Vision Control of a Robotic Hand
- 495. Using Personal electronic Device for Authentication based Service Access
- 496. Two Dimensional Magnetic and Thermal Analysis of High Speed Switched Reluctance Motor Using Soft Magnetic Composite Material – IEEE
- 497. Ubiquitous Mobile Access to Real-Time Patient Monitoring Data
- 498. Ubiquitous systems for Physical Movement Monitoring: Towards Understanding Collaborative Signal Processing
- 499. Utilizing RFID signaling scheme for localization of stationary objects and speed estimation of Mobile objects
- 500. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks toward Intelligent Transport Systems – IEEE
- 501. Wireless Sensor Networks and applications: A Survey
- 502. Wireless Ad Hoc Discovery of Parking Meters
- 503. Wireless Home Security and Automation System Utilizing Zigbee based Multi-Hop Communication
- 504. Deriving and Matching Image Fingerprint Sequences fro Mobile Robot Localization
- 505. Design and Implementation of a Digital Controller for DC-to-DC Power Converters
- 506. Design and Implementation of a Teleautonomous Hummer
- 507. Design and Implementation of an Open Autonomous Mobile Robot System
- 508.
- 509. Design and Implementation of a Sensor Network System for Vehicle Tracking and Autonomous Interception – 2005
- 510. Development of Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller for Decoupled Induction Motor Drive
- 511. Digital PWM Controller and Current estimator for a Low-Power Switching Converter
- 512. Design and initial In-Water Testing of Advanced Non-Linear Control Algorithms onto an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV)
- 513. Designing a Secure and Robust Mobile Interacting Robot for the Long Term
- 514. Detection of Abnormal Movement of Industrial Robots using Image Sequence
- 515. Developing Vehicles for Future Transportation Systems: Challenges & Research Directions
- 516. Development of a Novel Instantaneous Speed Observer and its Application to the Power-Assisted Wheelchair Control
- 517. Development of a Zigbee based Wireless Sensor Network Node for Automatic Data Acquisition and Transfer
- 518. Distributed Control Applications within Sensor Networks
- 519. Dual functional reconfigurable mobile robot – IEEE
- 520. Electronic Control Units for Automotive Electrical Power Systems: Communication and Networks
- 521. eSeal – A System for Enhanced Electronic assertion of Authenticity and Integrity
- 522. Feeder Automation within the Scope of Substation Automation
- 523. Fingerprint Identification and Verification System using Minutiae Matching
- 524. Fingerprint Identification using the Accidental coincidence Probability
- 525. Fingerprint Matching: Data Acquisition and Performance Evaluation
- 526. Fingerprint Verification using Smart Cards for Access Control Systems
- 527. Fusion of Voice, Gesture, and human-Computer Interface Controls for Remotely Operated Robot
- 528. Firebot: Design of an Autonomous Fire Fighting Robot
- 529. Fuzzy Adaptive Control of an Induction motor Drive
- 530. Fuzzy Modelling: and Control of Marine Diesel Engine Process
- 531. High Efficiency Flyback Converter using Synchronous Rectification
- 532. High Robustness and Reliability of Fuzzy Logic based Position Estimation for Sensorless Switched Reluctance Motor Drives
- 533. Home Networking with Zigbee
- 534. Hybrid Control of Semi-Autonomous Robots
- 536. Hybrid Intelligence for Driver Assistance
- 537. Implementation of a VI-Based Multi-Axis Motion Control System for Automated Test and Measurement Applications – IEEE
- 538. Implementing Multiple Robot Architectures using Mobile Agents
- 539. Improving Patient Monitoring and Tracking in Emergency Response
- 540. Indoor Positioning and Navigation using WLAN Technology
- 541. Model Reference Linear Adaptive Control of DC Motor Using Fuzzy Controller – IEEE
- 542. Inventory Management using Passive RFID Tag: A Survey
- 543. Integrated Modeling and Analysis of Computer based Embedded Control System
- 544. Modeling of a Stair-Climbing Wheelchair mechanism with High Single Step Capability
- 545. Modelling Pedestrains using Artificial Neural Networks
- 546. Models for Bearing damage Detection in Induction Motors using Stator Current Monitoring
- 547. MyBus: Helping Bus Riders Make Informed Decisions
- 548. Navigation of Mobile Robot using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Obstacle Avoidance System with Commanded
- 549. Neural Network Control Approach for an Industrial Furnace
- 550. Novel Skid Avoidance Method without Vehicle Chassis Speed for Electric Vehicle
- 551. Obstacle Avoidance of Mobile Robots using Ordinal structure Model of Fuzzy Reasoning Approach
- 552. Oil Well Diagnosis by Sensing Terminal Characteristics of the Induction Motor
- 553.
- 554. Optically-Powered Wireless Transmitter for High-Temperature MEMS Sensing and Communications
- 555. Optimal control of Three-Phase PWM Inverter for UPS Systems
- 556. Parking Space Inventory control: An Artificial Intelligence Approach
- 557. Patient Monitoring using Personal Area Networks of Wireless Intelligent Sensors
- 558. PdaDriver: A Handheld System for Remote Driving
- 559. Performance Analysis of an Active Energy Induction Meter using an Innovative Approach
- 560. Power Factor Improvement of Single Phase AC Voltage Controller Employing Extinction Angle Control Technique
- 561. Proposal of Human-Friendly Motion Control
- 562. Real-Time DC Motor Position Control by Fuzzy Logic and PID Controllers using Labview
- 563. Remote Control of an Ultrasonic Motor by using a GSM Mobile Phone
- 564. Remote Monitoring System for Transformer Substations
- 565. RoboCart: Toward Robot-Assisted Navigation of Grocery Stores by the Visually Impaired
- 566. Robust Control of a Speed Sensorless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive
- 567.
- 568. Robust Speed Control of an Indirect Field-Oriented Induction Machine Drive using Fuzzy Logic Control
- 569. Scalar Speed Control of a DQ Induction Motor Model using Fuzzy logic Controller
- 570. Secure Smartcard based Fingerprint Authentication
- 571. Security in Automotive Bus Systems
- 572. Self-Trained Automated Parking System
- 573. Sensing of Car Environment at Low Speed Driving
- 574. SIAPAS: A Case Study on the Use of a GPS based Parking System
- 575. SOLERO: Solar Powered Exploration Rover
- 576. Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control for Unified Power Flow Controller In Power Systems – IEEE
- 577. Telerobotics: Through-The-Internet Teleoperation of the ABB IRB 2000 Industrial Robot
- 578. The Adaptive Space Vector PWM for Four Switch Three Phase Inverter Fed Induction Motor with DC – Link Voltage Imbalance – IEEE
- 579. The Blocker Tag: Selective Blocking of RFID Tags for Consumer Privacy
- 580. The Smart Wheelchair Component System
- 581. A Comparison of Voltage-Mode soft-Switching methods for PWM Converters
- 582.
- 583. A Fault-Tolerant Control Architecture for Induction Motor Drives in Automotive Applications
- 584. A New Approach to ANN-Based Real Time Voltage Stability Monitoring and Reactive Power Management – IEEE
- 585. A New Soft-Switched Contactless Battery Charger with Robust Local Controllers
- 586. A New Visualization Concept for Navigation Systems
- 587. A Novel Resonant Transition Push-Pull DC-Dc Converter
- 588. A Real Time Precrash Vehicle Detection System
- 589. A Simple Control Scheme for Single-Phase Shunt Active Power with Fuzzy Logic based DC Bus Voltage Controller –
- 590. A Three-Level DC-Dc Converter with Wide-Input Voltage Operations for Ship-Electric-Power-Distribution Systems
- 591. A Three-Level Single-Phase single-Stage Soft-Switched AC-DC Converter
- 592. Comparison of Traditional Inverters and Z-Source Inverter for Fuel Cell Vehicles
- 593. Control and Monitoring of Mobile Robot system using Bluetooth
- 594. Control of a Simple DC Motor Robot Equiped with Ultrasonic Sensors via a Field Programmable Gate Array and a
- 595. Custom Architecture for Fuzzy and Neural Networks Controllers
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535. Hybrid Electric Vehicle Design based on a Multi-Objective Optimization Evolutionary Algorithm
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ELECTRONICS PROJECTS
1. DIGITAL COMBINETION LOCK
2. SAFETY GUARD FOR THE BLIND (PROXIMITY BASE)
3. LIGHT COTROLLED DIGITAL FAN REGULATOR
4. LOW-COST ENERGY METER USING ADE 7757
5. HOME AUTOMATION AND SECURITY CONTROL INTERFACE WITH TELEPHONE
6. LINE TRACKING ROBOT/MOUSE
7. REMOT CONTROLLED STEPPER MOTOR
8. ULTRASONIC SWITCH
9. DEVICE SWITCHING USING PASSWORD
10. SPEED CHECKER FOR HIGHWAYS
11. ULTRASONIC PROXIMITY DETECTOR
12. ULTRASONIC MOVEMENT DETECTOR
13. VEHICLE SEED MEASUREMENT CONTROL PC BASED
14. SMART CARD FOR ENTRY EMPLOY
15. SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM
16. RADAR SYSTEM (LATEST FOR COMMUNICATION STUDENTS)
17. PRI-PAID ENERGY METER
18. PRI-PAID CAR PARKING SYSTEM (LATEST)
19. ULTRASONIC DISTANCE METER
20. DATA SECUIRTY SYSTEM
21. DESIGN OF A BUS STATUS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (LATEST )
22. CALLING NUMBER IDENTIFICATION USING CALCULATOR
23. OPTICAL REMOT SWITCH
24. LOAD PROTECTOR WITH REMOTE SWITCHING
25. DISITAL WEIGHT ACCUMULATOR
26. REMOT CONTROLLED LAND ROVER
27. TELEPHONE ANSIRING MATCHING
28. AUTO CAR PARKING(LATEST)
29. AN INTELLIGENT AMBULANCE CAR WHICH CONTROL TO TRAFFIC LIGHT
30. WATCHMAN ROBOT
31. SUN SEEKER
32. AUTO BRAKING SYSTEM
33. TOUCH SCREEN
34. DTMF REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM
35. AUTOMATIC RAILWAY CROSSING GATE CONTROLLER (LATEST)
36. HOME SECURITY SYSTEM WITH SENDING MESSAGE ON OUR CELL PHONE
37. FASTED FINGER FIRST
38. MOBILE CONTROL ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES(LATEST)
39. RF CONTROL ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES
40. MIND READER
41. DIGITAL COMBINATION LOCK
42. SAFETY GUARD FOR THE BLIND
43. DIGITAL SPEEDOMETER
44. RADIO CONTROLLED REMOTE CONTROL
45. MICRO PROCESSOR-BASED DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROL
46. 31/2 DIGIT VOLTMETER WITH LED
47. 31/2 DIGIT VOLTMETER WITH LCD
48. 31/2 DIGIT THERMOMETER
49. DTMF 5-CHANNEL SWITCHING VIA POWER LINE
50. DEVICE SWITCHING USING PASSWORD
51. LASER-BASED COMMUNICATION LINK (COMMUNICATION
52. VIOCE & DATA COMMUNICATION WITH FIBER LINK ( COMMUNICATION )
53. BUDGET DIGITAL OSCILLOSCOPE
54. WIRELESS HOME SECURITY
55. BEND STOP FILTER
56. A VERSATILE FUNCTION GENERATOR
57. DIGITAL DOOR BELL
58. TRANSFORMER LESS 12V DUAL POWER SUPPLY
59. INFRARED BURGLAR ALARM WITH TIMER
60. AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE STABILIZER USING AUTOTRANSFORMER
61. DIGITAL CODE LOCK
62. TELEPHONE CALL METER
63. EMERGENCY LIGHT USING CFL
64. WIDE RANG SQUARE WAVE GENERATOR
65. 1 HZ CLOCK GENERATOR
66. REMOTE MUSICAL BELL
67. ELE. TELEPHONE DEMONSTRATOR
68. TELEPHONE CALL COUNTER
69. LED VOLTMETER FOR CAR BATTERY
70. QUALITY FM TRANSMITTER
71. DIGITAL VOLUME CONTROL
72. 99.99 SEC. STOP-CLOCK
73. MULTIPURPOSE DIGITAL COUNTER
74. VERSATILE ON/OFF TIMER
75. SUPER SIMPLE TRIANGULAR TO SINE WAVE GENERATOR
76. DIGITAL FAN REGULATOR
77. TEMPERATURE DISPLAY
78. FREQUENCY GENERATOR
79. SOUND LEVEL INDICATOR FOR STEREO SYSTEM
80. SINGLE-GATE SQUARE WAVE GENERATOR
81. QUICK 741 AND 555 TESTER
82. REGULATE DUAL POWER SUPPLY
83. SENSITIVE FM TRANSMITTER
84. LIGHT CONTROLLED DIGITAL FAN REGULATOR
85. MOVING MESSAGE DISPLAY EPROM BASE
86. PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL TIME SWITCH
87. PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL TIMER CUM CLOCK
88. REMOTE CONTROL AUDIO PROCESSOR
89. HEART BEAT MONITOR
90. AEROPLANE DIRECTION INDICATOR
91. VOICE TRANSMITTER IN POWER LINE AND SWITCHING
92. A SINGLE-CHIP TIMER WITH DIGITAL CLOCK AND CALENDER
93. IMPEDANCE METER
94. REMOTE AUDIO LEVEL INDICATOR
95. MULTICHANNEL TOUCH SWITCH
96. SAW TOOTH WAVE GENERATOR
97. TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED FAN
98. 1 HZ MASTER OSCILLATOR
99. REMOTE TV TESTER
100. CORDLESS INTERCOM
101. REMOT CONTROLLERED LAND FOVER –A DIY ROBOTIC PROJECT
102. DIGITAL WEIGHT ACCUMULATOR
103. IR- TO- RF CONVERTER
104. FM RECEIVER USING CXA1619
105. HEAT SENSITIVE SWITCH
106. TRANSISTOR TESTER
107. AUTOMETIC SCHOOL BELL
108. DIGITAL STOP WATER
109. INFRARED INTERUPTION COUNTER
110. AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT CONTROLLER: In this project we use object counter circuit with, auto light on when any body enter in the room and counter display any number, when all the person left the room and counter shows a 0 number on display then only light is off two rays of sensor is install in the door.
111. PROJECT ON WIRELESS DATA AND VOICE TRANSMISSION USING INFRARED PLUS HOME AUTOMATION (LATEST)
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MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROJECTS(89C51) ieee,EMBEDDED
- WIRELESS MESSAGING VIA MOBILE/LANDLINE
- GSM BASE HOME SECUIRTY SYSTEM
- GSM BASED HOMEAUTOMATION & SECUIRTY
- AUTOMATIC TOLL TAX
- VOTING MACHINE
- SMS BASE DEVICE SWITCH
- SOLAR TARKER SYSTEM
- TEXT DATA COMMUNICATION THROUGH FIBER/LAGER
- DIGITAL COMBINETION LOCK
- SAFETY GUARD FOR THE BLIND (PROXIMITY BASE
- SMS THROUGH TELEPHONE
- SPEED CHECKER FOR HIGHWAYS
- SMART CARD
- DATA SECUIRTY SYSTEM
- TOUCH SCREEN
- HEART BEAT MONITOR
- AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT CONTROLLER:
- RADAR SYSTEM ILIGAL AROPLAN DETECTOR
- PRI-PAID CAR PARKING
- MULI LAVEL CAR PARKING
- FASTEST-FINGER-FIRST USING 89C51
- MICRO PROCESSOR BASED REVERSIBLE D.C. MOTOR CONTROL
- STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL USING 89C51
- MIC-89C51 MONITORING SYSTEM
- MANUAL AT 89C51 PROGRAM
- AT 89C2051 BASED COUNTDOWN TIMER
- MICROCONTROLLER BASED CODE LOCK USING AT 89C2051
- LCD FREQUENCY METER USING 89C2051
- CALLER ID UNIT USING MICRO-CONTROLLER
- MICROPROCESSOR-BASED HOME SECURITY SYSTEM
- STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL USING 89C51 MICRO-CONTROLLER
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED TEMPERATURE METER
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED HEARTBEAT MONITOR
- ULTRASONICRANGEFINDER USING PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
- CALLER- ID UNIT USING MICRO CONTROLLER
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED PATHFINDER
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED ROBOT.
- MICRO CONTROLLER MOVING MESSAGE DISPLAY
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED RELAY SWITCHING
- MICRO CONTROLLER AUTO DIALER USING GSM.
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED WATER LEVER INDICATOR
- MICRO CONTROLLER BASED WIRELESS HOME AUTOMATION
- MICROCONTROLLER BASED RADAR SYSTEM
- MULTI CHANNEL INFRA RED CONTROL 4 different point 89c2051 micro controller in transmitter and receiver, using infra red technique.
- MOVING MESSAGE DISPLAY : 89c51 micro controller Led matrix,
- Digital clock with alarm: using 89c51 micro controller
- TRAFFIC LIGHT WITH DOWN COUNTER : all the four sides of the road with one side counter display using 89c51 micro controller circuit.
- ULTRASONIC DISTANCE METER USING MICROCONTROLLER
- PRI-PAID CAR PARKING SYSTEM
- MICRO CONTROLLER TEMPERATUIRE METER
- ANOLOG TO DIGITAL CONERTER USING AT89C51 MCU
- INFARED REMOTE CONTROLE SYSTEM
- ULTRASONIC MOVEMENT DETECTOR
- MICROCONTROLLER BASED TACHOMETER
- MCU BASED VISITOR COUNTER
- PWM CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING 89C51
- AN INTELLIGENT AMBULANCE CAR WHICH CONTROL TO TRAFFIC LIGHT
- PRE-PAID ENERGY METER
- MICROC CONTROLLER BASED LINE FOLLOWER OR TRACING ROBOT
- AUTOMATED WALKING ROBOT CONTROLLED BY MCU
- AUTO BRAKING SYSTEM
- AUTOMATIC RAILWAY CROSSING GATE CONTROLLER
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PC BASED PROJECTS
1. PC TO PC COMMUNICATION USING IR/FIBER OPTIC CABLE
2. PWM CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING C++
3. COMPUTERISED ELECTRICAL APLAINCE CONTROL
4. DATA ACQUISITION CARD FOR P.C.
5. SIMPLE ANALOGUE INTERFACE FOR P.C.
6. P.C. BASED FUNCTION GENERATOR
7. PC BASED SUN SEEKER
8. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PC’S USING IR, LASER
9. SIMPLE RELAY AND SENSOR INTERFACE FOR P.C.
10. P.C. BASED DIGITAL CLOCK
11. INTERFACE YOUR PC WITH LIGHT AND FANS
12. P.C. BASED VISITOR COUNTER
13. P.C. BASED TOKEN NUMBER DISPLAYER
14. PC BASE TRANSISTOR LEAD IDENTIFIER
15. PC BASED STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLER
16. PC BASED DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROLLER
17. P.C. BASED 7-SEGMENT ROLLING DISPLAY
18. PC. BASED DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROLLED
19. PC BASED ROBOTIC ARM
20. P.C. BASED TIMER
21. P.C. BASED MULTILEVEL CAR PARKING
Mechanical Projects list
- ROBOTIC ARM INTERFACING WITH PC/MCU/ IR/RF
- HYDRAULIC LIFT
- HYDRAULIC JACK MACHINE
- LINE FOLLOWER OR TRACING ROBOT
- AUTOMATED WALKING ROBOT
- DIGITAL SPEED MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOBILE
- LIFT CONTROL USING PC AND MCU
- ESCALATOR LIFT USING PC & MCU
- PATH FINDER MOBILE ROBOT
- MULTILEVEL CAR PARKING LIFT USING MCU
- AUTOMATIC RAILWAY CROSSING GATE CONTROLLER
- AUTO REJECTION + CONVEYER BELT SYSTEM
- AUTO JACK MACHINE
- AUTO BRACK SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOBIL
- PADDLE CONTROLLED WASHING MECHINE
- HYDRO ELECTRICITY
- WIND ELECTRICITY
- ELECTRICITY FROM SPEED BRAKER
- SOLAR SUN SEEKER
- ROBOTIC CRANE WITH UP/DOWN & CIRCULAR MOTION
- AUTO GRASS CUTTER
- HYDRAULIC ROBOTIC ARM
- WALKING ROBOT
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Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching( LATEST)
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Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from where the train comes) at a level higher than a human being in exact alignment and similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard minimum size of the Indian railway. We have considered 5 seconds for this project. Sensors are fixed at 1km on both sides of the gate. We call the sensor along the train direction as ‘foreside sensor’ and the other as ‘aft side sensor’. When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed until the train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds, so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to avoid trapping between the gates and stop sound after the train has crossed.
The same principle is applied for track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are traveling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Two sensors are placed at the either sides of the junction where the track switches. If there’s a train approaching from the other side, then another sensor placed along that direction gets activated and will send an interrupt to the controller. The interrupt service routine switches the track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions. Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. Assuming that within a certain delay, the train has passed the track is switched back to its original position, allowing the first train to pass without any interruption. This concept of track switching can be applied at 1km distance from the stations.
The project is simple to implement and subject to further improvement.
Model of Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching
Gate Control:
Railways being the cheapest mode of transportation are preferred over all the other means .When we go through the daily newspapers we come across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned railway crossings. This is mainly due to the carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers. We, in this project has come up with a solution for the same. Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates. As a train approaches the railway crossing from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching train and accordingly controls the operation of the gate. Also an indicator light has been provided to alert the motorists about the approaching train.
Gate control
Hardware Description
The project consists of four main parts:
8051 microcontroller
IR Transmitter
IR Receiver
Stepper Motor Circuit
8051 Microcontroller
The I/O ports of the 8051 are expanded by connecting it to an 8255 chip. The 8255 is programmed as a simple I/O port for connection with devices such as LEDs, stepper motors and sensors. More details of the 8255 are given later.
The following block diagram shows the various devices connected to the different ports of an 8255. The ports are each 8-bit and are named A, B and C. The individual ports of the 8255 can be programmed to be input or output, and can be changed dynamically. The control register is programmed in simple I/O mode with port A, port B and port C (upper) as output ports and port C (lower) as an input port.
Block diagram of 8051 Microcontroller
IR Circuits
This circuit has two stages: a transmitter unit and a receiver unit. The transmitter unit consists of an infrared LED and its associated circuitry.
IR Transitter
The transmitter circuit consists of the following components:
IC 555
Resistors
Capacitors
IR LED
The IR LED emitting infrared light is put on in the transmitting unit. To generate IR signal, 555 IC based astable multivibrator is used. Infrared LED is driven through transistor BC 548.
IC 555 is used to construct an astable multivibrator which has two quasi-stable states. It generates a square wave of frequency 38kHz and amplitude 5Volts. It is required to switch ‘ON’ the IR LED.
IR Transmitter
IR Receiver
The receiver circuit consists of the following components:
TSOP1738 (sensor)
IC 555
Resistors
Capacitors
The receiver unit consists of a sensor and its associated circuitry. In receiver section, the first part is a sensor, which detects IR pulses transmitted by IR-LED. Whenever a train crosses the sensor, the output of IR sensor momentarily transits through a low state. As a result the monostable is triggered and a short pulse is applied to the port pin of the 8051 microcontroller. On receiving a pulse from the sensor circuit, the controller activates the circuitry required for closing and opening of the gates and for track switching. The IR receiver circuit is shown in the figure below.
IR Receiver
Stepper motor circuit
Stepper motor circuit
Here a stepper motor is used for controlling the gates. A stepper motor is a widely used device that translates electrical pulses into mechanical movement. They function as their name suggests – they “step” a little bit at a time. Steppers don’t simply respond to a clock signal. They have several windings which need to be energized in the correct sequence before the motor’s shaft will rotate. Reversing the order of the sequence will cause the motor to rotate the other way.
Track Switching
Using the same principle as that for gate control, we have developed a concept of automatic track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are travelling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions .Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. In practical purposes this can be achieved using electromagnets.
Track Switching
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Intelligent Train Engines ( New-Latest)
Intelligent Train Engines( Click here to book this project)
We know that the railway network of India is the biggest in south Asia and perhaps the most complicated in all over the world. There are so many different types of trains local, fast, super fast, passenger, goods…. etc. and their so many multiple routs. Although the time table is perfect it is not at all possible to maintain it. And that’s why the train accidents are becoming more and more usual. So why not we add a kind of intelligence to the train engines itself so that it tries to avoid accidents.
The idea is whenever any engine observes a red signal on its track it will start decreasing its speed gradually and stops automatically at some distance from the signal pole. After then when it gets green signal the driver can manually start the train and go on. In the mean time when train has not stopped yet and a red signal becomes green then it crosses the signal pole with low speed and then driver can slowly increase the speed.
So now before the driver observes the red signal the engine itself observes it and automatically starts decreasing speed and then stops. The driver can feel relax in driving because he doesn’t have to take care about red signal. Even if he forgets to take any action on red signal then also we can avoid accidents by the implementation of this idea.
General description:
What we have to do is we have to attach a transmitter with signal pole which will start transmitting signals only when the red light is on. If there is green light no transmission. The engine has a receiver which catches these transmitted signals and takes desire actions.
Both the transmitter and receiver are of RF type with minimum range of 2 Km. so that train can get enough time to decrease its speed and stop before the signal pole with minimum swapping distance of 100-200 mt.
Here in our project we have used IR transmitter and receiver instead of RF for demo purpose. But same idea can be easily implemented with RF also with a little more cost.
Lets first discuss the demonstration model.
Demonstration Model:
The train engine runs on 24V DC motor so that we can easily vary its speed by varying applied voltage. The switching voltage is applied in step of 18 V, 15 V, 12 V and 9 V (min speed). The 230 VAC is step-down to 24 VAC by 12-0-12, 2 Ampere step down transformer. As shown in figure this 24 VAC line runs parallel with track at the top of the train. Movable tapping are taken from this line and fed to the internal circuit of engine. These tapping slides as the train runs on the track and give continuous supply to circuit. The IR sensor is placed at the top of the engine, senses the signals transmitted by IR transmitter attached to signal pole. Train track is straight and 20 ft long. Signal pole is placed at the end of track and train starts from farther end.
Model of Intelligent Train Engines
The project is divided in two parts
Transmitter
Receiver
The transmitter is housed in signal pole and it is activated only when red light is ON.
The receiver is housed in engine which senses the IR signals and takes suitable action.
Signal Pole IR Transmitter:-
The figure shows the schematic diagram of IR transmitter.
Schematic diagram of IR transmitter.
The heart of the circuit is IC555. The main component of the circuit is only IC555.
Connections:
Both ICs are connected in astable mode. The frequency of U2 is 0.5 Hz and U1 is 38 KHz. This is decided by RC components connected with it. The output of U2 is connected with reset pin (4) of U1. Thus the output of U2 controls the operation of U1 means it will switch on or off the output of U1. The output of U1 is fed to two IR LEDs through Darlington pair made up of Q1, Q2 and R5. The 9V DC battery is connected with circuit through SPDT switch SW1 as shown.
Operation:
As shown in figure when SW1 is in position as shown the transmitter is On and also the red LED is also ON. When switch changes its position the red LED and transmitter is off and only green LED will on. When the circuit is energized U2 will start generating high pulse at every 1 sec. as this pulse is fed to reset pin of U1 it will generate 38 KHz square wave and give it to IR leds. IR leds will generate IR beam of 38 KHz for the same time. Thus after every one second the IR beam of 38 KHz is generated for one second only. This cycle repeats till the red light is on.
Note: The range of this transmitter is limited to 10 ft only.
89C51 based IR receiver for Engine:
The IR receiver circuit housed in engine is as shown below.
IR receiver circuit
The main components of the circuit are IR sensor TSOP 1738, microcontroller 89C51, current driver chip ULN2003A and all voltage regulator ICs (78XX series).
Connections:
24 VAC is rectified by diode bridge D1 and filtered through C1 and given to all the regulated ICs as input.
The output of 7805 is connected to 89C51 and TSOP and also to all the LEDs.
Output of 7812 (last one) is connected to common coil terminal and to ULN
The outputs of middle four regulated ICs are connected to DC motor through relay contacts.
Output of TSOP is connected with pin P3.3 (INT1) of microcontroller
All five leds are connected with port P0 as shown
Input of ULN is connected with Port 1 pins P1.0-P1.3, and outputs are connected with second terminal of relay coil.
Operation:
TSOP will detect the 38 KHz IR beam and gives the interrupt to 89C51.
89C51 will indicate the interrupt event on first (green) LED and energizes only one particular relay through ULN chip.
When any of the four relay get energized the motor will get supply from it and it will start running
As voltage is less it will run with less speed
So now its the function of microcontroller to receive signal from IR sensor, decrease the speed of train gradually in four steps and then stop it. And this is done by software embedded in to 89C51.
How the project works?
Initially when you switch on the supply 89C51 will switch all the relays RL1- RL4 one by one. So motor will get 9-12-15-18 V supply in steps and gradually increases its speed reaches max speed indicated by first red LED (P0.0).
Now if the signal is green then train will cross the pole with same pole
But if signal becomes red in between then IR sensor will detect IR beam and interrupts the 89C51
Getting first interrupt 89C51 will switch off RL4 and switch on RL3 so now motor will get 15 V supply and its speed will be decreased. That’s indicated by second red LED (P0.1)
Now 89C51 will wait for some time (2 to 3 sec) and train goes on with same speed. Again if still red signal is on 89C51 will be interrupted and this time it will switch on RL2. so now motor gets 12V supply and again its speed will be decreased indicated by third red LED (P0.2)
The same procedure repeats if 89C51 is interrupted third times. Now motor runs at min speed (9 V) indicated by fourth red LED (P0.3)
After same delay on receiving fourth interrupt all the relays will be switched off and motor is now stop so the train is also stopped. This is indicated by green LED.
After this interrupts will be disabled. So now when red signal becomes green driver must reset the controller to start the train again.
The complete pseudo code with necessary comments is as given
org 00h
mov r0,#01h ; initialize the counter to count no. of interrupts
sjmp over ; jump above the interrupt subroutine
org 0013h ; interrupt 1 subroutine location
mov ie,#00h ; disable interrupt first
clr p0.0 ; interrupt indication on green led
inc r0 ; increment counter
acall delay ; call 0.1 sec delay
setb p0.0 ; reset green led
cjne r0,#02h,nxt2 ;if counter is 2 then decrease speed be one step (15 V)
mov p0,#0fbh
mov p1,#04h ; give indication on second red led
sjmp out
nxt2: cjne r0,#03h,nxt3 ; if counter is 3 then decrease speed be two step (12 V)
mov p0,#0f7h
mov p1,#02h ; give indication on third red led
sjmp out
nxt3: cjne r0,#04h,nxt4 ; if counter is 4 then decrease speed be three step (9 V)
mov p0,#0efh
mov p1,#01h ; give indication on fourth red led
sjmp out
nxt4: cjne r0,#05h,out ; if counter is 5 then stop the train
mov p0,#0feh
mov p1,#00h ; indicate it by green led.
out: acall dely ; call 2 sec delay every time when speed is changed
mov ie,#84h ; enable interrupt again
reti ; return from interrupt
over:mov p1,#01h ; main program starts from here starts train with min speed
acall dely ; and gradually increase it to max in four step
mov p1,#02h ; with 2 sec delay in between
acall dely
mov p1,#04h
acall dely
mov p1,#08h
mov p0,#0fdh
mov ie,#84h ; enable the interrupt
here: sjmp here ; continue loop
delay:
mov r6,#64h ; 0.1 sec delay
lop2:mov r5,#0FAh
lop1:nop
nop
djnz r5,lop1
djnz r6,lop2
ret
dely:
mov r7,#15h ; 2 sec delay
lop5:mov r6,#64h
lop4:mov r5,#0FAh
lop3:nop
nop
djnz r5,lop3
djnz r6,lop4
djnz r7,lop5
ret
end
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Vehicle Monitoring and Security System (latest)
ABSTRACT: In this modern, fast moving and insecure world, it is become a basic necessity to be aware of one’s safety. Maximum risks occur in situations wherein an employee travels for money transactions. Also the Company to which he belongs should be aware if there is some problem. What if the person traveling can be tracked and also secured in the case of an emergency?! Fantastic, isn’t it? Of course it is and here’s a system that functions as a tracking and a security system. It’s the VMSS. This system can deal with both pace and security.
The VMSS (Vehicle Monitoring and Security System) is a GPS based vehicle tracking system that is used for security applications as well. The project uses two main underlying concepts. These are GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication). The main application of this system in this context is tracking the vehicle to which the GPS is connected, giving the information about its position whenever required and for the security of each person travelling by the vehicle. This is done with the help of the GPS satellite and the GPS module attached to the vehicle which needs to be tracked. The GPS antenna present in the GPS module receives the information from the GPS satellite in NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) format and thus it reveals the position information. This information got from the GPS antenna has to be sent to the Base station wherein it is decoded. For this we use GSM module which has an antenna too. Thus we have at the Base station; the complete data about the vehicle.
Along with tracking the vehicle, the system is used for security applications as well. Each passenger/employee will have an ID of their own and will be using a remote containing key for Entry, Exit and Panic. The Panic button is used by the driver or the passenger so as to alert the concerned of emergency conditions. On pressing this button, an alarm will be activated which will help the passenger/employee in emergencies and keep them secure throughout the journey. The vehicle can also be immobilized remotely.
INTRODUCTION:
Of all the applications of GPS, Vehicle tracking and navigational systems have brought this technology to the day-to-day life of the common man. Today GPS fitted cars, ambulances, fleets and police vehicles are common sights on the roads of developed countries. Known by many names such as Automatic Vehicle Locating System (AVLS), Vehicle Tracking and Information System (VTIS), Mobile Asset Management System (MAMS), these systems offer an effective tool for improving the operational efficiency and utilization of the vehicles.
GPS is used in the vehicles for both tracking and navigation. Tracking systems enable a base station to keep track of the vehicles without the intervention of the driver whereas navigation system helps the driver to reach the destination. Whether navigation system or tracking system, the architecture is more or less similar. The navigation system will have convenient, usually a graphic display for the driver which is not needed for the tracking system. Vehicle tracking systems combine a number of well-developed technologies.
To design the VMSS system, we combined the GPS’s ability to pin-point location along with the ability of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) to communicate with a control center in a wireless fashion. The system includes GPS-GSM modules and a base station called the control center.
Let us briefly explain how VMSS works. In order to monitor the vehicle, it is equipped with a GPS-GSM VMSS system. It receives GPS signals from satellites, computes the location information, and then sends it to the control center. With the vehicle location information, the control center displays all of the vehicle positions on an electronic map in order to easily monitor and control their routes. Besides tracking control, the control center can also maintain wireless communication with the GPS units to provide other services such as alarms, status control, and system updates.
The design takes into consideration important factors regarding both position and data communication. Thus, the project integrates location determination (GPS) and cellular (GSM) – two distinct and powerful technologies in a single system.
VMSS is based on a PIC microcontroller-based system equipped with a GPS receiver and a GSM Module operating in the 900 MHz band. We housed the parts in one small plastic unit, which was then mounted on the vehicle and connected to GPS and GSM antennas. The position, identity, heading, and speed are transmitted either automatically at user-defined time intervals or when a certain event occurs with an assigned message (e.g.; accident, alert, or leaving/entering an admissible geographical area).
The GPS Module outputs the vehicle location information such as longitude, latitude, direction, and Greenwich Time every five minutes. The GSM wireless communications function is based on a GSM network established in a valid region and with a valid service provider. Via the SMS provided by the GSM network, the location information and the status of the GPS-GSM VMSS are sent to the control center. Meanwhile, the VMSS receives the control information from the control center via the same SMS. Next, the GPS-GSM VMSS sends the information stored in the microcontroller via an RS-232 interface.
There are two ways to use the VMSS’ alarm function, which can be signified by either a buzzer or presented on
LCD. The first way is to receive the command from the control center; second way is to manually send the alarm information to the control center with the push of a button.
The base station consists of landline modem(s) and GIS workstation. The information about the vehicle is received at a base station and is then displayed on a PC based map. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the Internet or specialized software. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provides a current, spatial, visual representation of transit operations. It is a special type of computerized database management system in which geographic databases are related to one via a common set of location coordinates.
STAGES OF VMSS
STAGE 1: 
Driver starts his trip from the transport office.
VMSS transmits the Driver I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station.
STAGE 2:
Taxi picks up the employee/passenger from their residence.
VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station. Therefore base station will be able to keep a track of the vehicle and thus the employee/passenger.
STAGE 3:
Taxi drops the employee/passenger to the workplace.
VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station.
STAGE 4:
Taxi picks the employee/passenger from the workplace.
VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station. Therefore this enables the base station to estimate the time if required and also keep a track of the vehicle, passenger and the driver.
STAGE 5:
Taxi drops the employee/passenger to their residence.
VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station and makes sure that the job is 100% complete.
The Project Cost is 20,000 to book call us 9717408885
UltraSonic Radar
General Description
This is a very interesting project with many practical applications in security and alarm systems for homes, shops and cars. It consists of a set of ultrasonic receiver and transmitter which operate at the same frequency. When something moves in the area covered by the circuit the circuit’s fine balance is disturbed and the alarm is triggered. The circuit is very sensitive and can be adjusted to reset itself automatically or to stay triggered till it is reset manually after an alarm.
Technical Specifications – Characteristics
Working voltage: 12V DC
Current: 30 mA
How it Works
As it has already been stated the circuit consists of an ultrasonic transmitter and a receiver both of which work at the same frequency. They use ultrasonic piezoelectric transducers as output and input devices respectively and their frequency of operation is determined by the particular devices in use.
The transmitter is built around two NAND gates of the four found in IC3 which are used here wired as inverters and in the particular circuit they form a multivibrator the output of which drives the transducer. The trimmer P2 adjusts the output frequency of the transmitter and for greater efficiency it should be made the same as the frequency of resonance of the transducers in use. The receiver similarly uses a transducer to receive the signals that are reflected back to it the output of which is amplified by the transistor TR3, and IC1 which is a 741 op-amp. The output of IC1 is taken to the non inverting input of IC2 the amplification factor of which is adjusted by means of P1. The circuit is adjusted in such a way as to stay in balance as long the same as the output frequency of the transmitter. If there is some movement in the area covered by the ultrasonic emission the signal
that is reflected back to the receiver becomes distorted and the circuit is thrown out of balance. The output of IC2 changes abruptly and the Schmitt trigger circuit which is built around the remaining two gates in IC3 is triggered. This drives the output transistors TR1,2 which in turn give a signal to the alarm system or if there is a relay connected to the circuit, in series with the collector of TR1, it becomes activated. The circuit works from 9-12 VDC and can be used with batteries or a power supply.
Circuit diagram
Construction
First of all let us consider a few basics in building electronic circuits on a printed circuit board. The board is made of a thin insulating material clad with a thin layer of conductive copper that is shaped in such a way as to form the necessary conductors between the various components of the circuit. The use of a properly designed printed circuit board is very desirable as it speeds construction up considerably and reduces the possibility of making errors. Smart Kit boards also come pre-drilled and with the outline of the components and their identification printed on the component side to make construction easier. To protect the board during storage from oxidation and assure it gets to you in perfect condition the copper is tinned during manufacturing and covered with a special varnish that protects it from getting oxidised and also makes soldering easier. Soldering the components to the board is the only way to build your circuit and from the way you do it depends greatly your success or failure. This work is not very difficult and if you stick to a few rules you should have no problems. The soldering iron that you use must be light and its power should not exceed the 25 Watts. The tip should be fine and must be kept clean at all times. For this purpose come very handy specially made sponges that are kept wet and from time to time you can wipe the hot tip on them to remove all the residues that tend to accumulate on it. DO NOT file or sandpaper a dirty or worn out tip. If the tip cannot be cleaned, replace it. There are many different types of solder in the market and you should choose a good quality one that contains the necessary flux in its core, to assure a perfect joint every time. DO NOT use soldering flux apart from that which is already included in your solder. Too much flux can cause many problems and is one of the main causes of circuit malfunction. If nevertheless you have to use extra flux, as it is the case when you have to tin copper wires, clean it very thoroughly after you finish your work. In order to solder a component correctly you should do the following:
@Clean the component leads with a small piece of emery paper.
@Bend them at the correct distance from the component’s body and insert the component in its place on the board.
@You may find sometimes a component with heavier gauge leads than usual, that are too thick to enter in the holes of the p.c. board.
@In this case use a mini drill to enlarge the holes slightly. Do not make the holes too large as this is going to make soldering difficult afterwards.
@Take the hot iron and place its tip on the component lead while holding the end of the solder wire at the point where the lead emerges from the board. The iron tip must touch the lead slightly above the p.c. board.
@When the solder starts to melt and flow wait till it covers evenly the area around the hole and the flux boils and gets out from underneath the solder. The whole operation should not take more than 5 seconds. Remove the iron and allow the solder to cool naturally without blowing on it or moving the component. If everything was done properly the surface of the joint must have a bright metallic finish and its edges should be smoothly ended on the component lead and the board track. If the solder looks dull, cracked,or has the shape of a blob then you have made a dry joint and you should remove the solder (with a pump, or a solder wick) and redo it.
@Take care not to overheat the tracks as it is very easy to lift them from the board and break them.
@When you are soldering a sensitive component it is good practice to hold the lead from the component side of the board with a pair of long-nose pliers to divert any heat that could possibly damage the component.
@Make sure that you do not use more solder than it is necessary as you are running the risk of short-circuiting adjacent tracks on the board, especially if they are very close together.
@When you finish your work cut off the excess of the component leads and clean the board thoroughly with a suitable solvent to remove all flux residues that may still remain on it.
@There are quite a few components in the circuit and you should be careful to avoid mistakes that will be difficult to trace and repair afterwards. Solder first the pins and the IC sockets and then following if that is possible the parts list the resistors the trimmers and the capacitors paying particular attention to the correct orientation of the electrolytic.
@Solder then the transistors and the diodes taking care not to overheat them during soldering. The transducers should be positioned in such a way as they do not affect each other directly because this will reduce the efficiency of the circuit. When you finish soldering, check your work to make sure that you have done everything properly, and then insert the IC’s in their sockets paying attention to their correct orientation and handling IC3 with great care as it is of the CMOS type and can be damaged quite easily by static discharges. Do not take it out of its aluminium foil wrapper till it is time to insert it in its socket, ground the board and your body to discharge static electricity and then insert the IC carefully in its socket. In the kit you will find a LED and a resistor of 560 — which will help you to make the necessary adjustments to the circuit. Connect the resistor in series with the LED and then connect them between point 9 of the circuit and the positive supply rail (point 1).
Connect the power supply across points 1 (+) and 2 (-) of the p.c. board and put P1 at roughly its middle position. Turn then P2 slowly till the LED lights when you move your fingers slightly in front of the transducers. If you have a frequency counter then you can make a much more accurate adjustment of the circuit. Connect the frequency counter across the transducer and adjust P2 till the frequency of the oscillator is exactly the same as the resonant frequency of the transducer. Adjust then P1 for maximum sensitivity. Connecting together pins 7 & 8 on the p.c. board will make the circuit to stay triggered till it is manually reset after an alarm. This can be very useful if you want to know that there was an attempt to enter in the place which are protected by the radar.
Adjustments
This kit does not need any adjustments, if you follow the building instructions.
Warning
If they are used as part of a larger assembly and any damage is caused, our company bears no responsibility.
While using electrical parts, handle power supply and equipment with great care, following safety standards as described by international specs and regulations.
If it does not work
Check your work for possible dry joints, bridges across adjacent tracks or soldering flux residues that usually cause problems. Check again all the external connections to and from the circuit to see if there is a mistake there.
See that there are no components missing or inserted in the wrong places.
Make sure that all the polarised components have been soldered the right way round. Make sure that the supply has the correct voltage and is connected the right way round to your circuit. Check your project for faulty or damaged components.
If everything checks and your project still fails to work, please contact your retailer and the Smart Kit Service will repair it for you.
Parts
R1 180 KOhm
R2 12 KOhm
R3, 8 47 KOhm
R4 3,9 KOhm
R5, 6, 16 10 KOhm
R7, 10, 12, 14, 17 100 KΩ
R9, 11 1 MOhm
R13, 15 3,3 KOhm
C1, C6 10uF/16V
C2 47uF/16V
C3 4,7 pF
C4, C7 1 nF
C5 10nF
C8, C11 4,7 uF/16V
C9 22uF/16V
C10 100 nF
C12 2,2 uF/16V
C13 3,3nF
C14 47nF
TR1, 2, 3 BC547 , BC548
P1 10 KOhm trimmer
P2 47 KOhm trimmer
IC1, 2 741 OP-AMP
IC3 4093 C-MOS
R TRANSDUCER 40KHz
T TRANSDUCER 40KHz
D1, 2, 3, 4 1N4148
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Live-line Detector (NeW)
Detects the presence of a live mains conductor
Minimum parts counting
Circuit diagram:
Parts:
C1____________100nF 63V Polyester or Ceramic Capacitor
D1_____________Red LED (any type)
IC1____________4017 Decade counter with 10 decoded outputs IC
P1_____________SPST Pushbutton
B1_____________3V Battery (two 1.5V AA or AAA cells in series etc.)
Sensing probe__3 to 15 cm. long, stiff insulated piece of wire
Circuit operation:
If the unit is brought close to a live conductor (insulated, and even buried in plaster) capacitive coupling between the live conductor and the probe clocks the counter, and causes the LED to flash 5 times per second, because the 4017 IC divides the mains 50Hz frequency by 10.
When remote from a live line, the unit stops counting, the LED resulting permanently off.
Notes:
Sensitivity can be varied using a more or less long sensing probe.
Due to 3V operation, the LED’s current limiting resistor can be omitted.
Line Robot
Line Robot
Recently
many kind of robot contests have being opened and some interesting reports of
the challenge are found on the web. The Line Following is a kind of the robot
contests to vie running speed on the line. I build a tiny line following robot
which can run on the desk, moving the key board aside will do. It is for only
a personal toy reduced its size less than one fifth compared to typical line
following robots, not in formura. But I believe that it is suitable for home
use in the small Japanese houses said that rabbit burrow…(^_^;. Of course
I have also no time to take part in the robot contests 
About Line Follower
The line follower is one of the self operating robot that follows a line
that drawn on the floor. The basic operations of the line following are as follows:
- Capture line position with optical sensors mounted at front end of the
robot. Most are using several number of photo-reflectors, and some leading
contestants are using an image sensor for image processing. The line sensing
procss requires high resolution and high robustness. - Steear robot to track the line with any steearing mechanism. This is
just a servo operation, any phase compensation will be required to stabilize
tracking motion by applying digital PID filter or any other servo argolithm. - Control speed according to the lane condition. Running speed is limited
during passing a curve due to friction of the tire and the floor.
There are two line styles, white line on the black floor and black line on
the white floor. Most contest are adopting the first one in line width of between
15 and 25 millimeters.
Hardware
Mechanics
Right image shows bottom view and side view of the built line following robot.
All mechanical and electrical parts are mounted on a proto board, and it also
constitutes the chasis.
The line following robot is upheld in three points of two driving wheels
and a free wheel. The driving wheels are made with a 7 mm dia ball bearing and
a rubber tire. The free wheel is a 5 mm dia ball bearing attached loosely. To
drive driving wheels, two tiny
vibration motors that used
for cellular phone, pager or any mobile equipment are used. Its shaft is pressed
onto the tire with a spring plate, the output torque is transferred to the wheels.
The steearing mechanism is realized in differential drive that steear
the robot by difference in rotation speed between the left wheel and the right
wheel. It does not require any additional actuator, only controling the wheel
speed will do.
Electronics
| Controller | ATmega8 (Atmel) |
| Line sensor | Six photo-reflectors |
| Power supply | Two CR2032 lithium cells (One is for controller, the other is for motors) |
| Motor | Two micromotors for left wheel and right wheel |
| Dimensions | 45(L), 33(W), 12.5(H) [mm] |
| Weight | 15 grams (Body:8g, Cells:7g) |
| Performance | 53 centimeter per second at oval course |
An Atmel ATmega8 is used for the controller and it is powered by a lithium
coin cell. The other lithium coin cell is for only motors. Separating the power
supply into two cells is to avoid accidental reset of the microcontroller due
to voltage dip by motor start current. Six photo-reflectors are mounted at front
end of the chasis. They sense reflection rate of the floor under them. Motors
are driven in PWM to control rotation speed lineary. The latest circuit diagram
is here.
Software
Using photo-reflectors
To detect a line to be followed, most contestants are using two or more number
of poto-reflectors. Its output current that proportional to reflection rate
of the floor is converted to voltage with a resister and tested it if the line
is detected or not. However the threshold voltage cannot be fixed to any level
because optical current by ambent light is added to the output current like
the image shown right.
Most photo-detecting modules for industrial use are using modurated light
to avoid interference by the ambient light. The detected signal is filtered
with a band pass filter and disused signals are filtered out. Therefore only
the modurated signal from the light emitter can be detected. Of course the detector
must not be saturated by ambient light, this is effective when the detector
is working in linear region.
In this project, pulsed light is used to cancel ambient light. This is suitable
for arraied sensors that scanned in sequence to avoid interference from next
sensor. The microcontroller starts to scan the sensor status, sample an output
voltage, turn on LED and sample again the output voltage. The difference between
the two samples is the optical current by LED, output voltage by the ambient
light is canceled. The other sensors are also scanned the same avobe in sequence.
Signal processing of line detection
Right image shows the actual line posisiton vs detected line position in
center value of 640. The microcontroller scans six sensors and calcurates the
line position by output ratio of two sensors near the line. Thus the line position
can be detected lineary with only six sensors. All the sensor outputs are captured
as analog value that proportioning to reflection ratio, and the sensitivity
have variety between each one of them. In this system, to remove the variations
from the outputs, calibration parameters for each sensor can be held into non-volatile
memory. This can be done with online mode. The microcontroler enters the online
mode when an ISP
cable is attached, and it can be controlled with a terminal program in serial
format of N81 38.4kbps. S1 command monitors sensor values, and S2 command calibrates
variation of sensor gain on the reference surface (white paper). The ATmega8
must be set to 8MHz internal osc.
Tracking control
The line position is compeared to the center value to be tracked, the position
error is processed with Proportional/Integral/Diffence filters to generate steering
command. The line folloing robot tracks the line in PID control that the most
popular argolithm for servo control.
The proportional term is the commom process in the servo system. It is only
a gain amplifire without time dependent process. The differencial term is applied
in order to improve the responce to disturbance, and it also compensate phase
lag at the controled object. The D term will be required in most case to stabilize
tracking motion. The I term is not used in this project from following resons.
The I term that boosts DC gain is applied in order to remove left offset error,
however, it often decrease servo stability due to its phase lag. The line following
operation can ignore such tracking offset so that the I term is not required.
When any line sensing error has occured for a time due to getting out of
line or end of line, the motors are stopped and the microcontroller enters sleep
state of zero power consumption.
Notes
- Development diary [Ja]
- Circuit diagram
- Firmware May 23, 2004
- Following motion
with only P control
This is a video file of line following motion with only P control. The servo
system oscllated. - Following motion
with P and D controls
Adding D control could improve the servo stability. The robot follows the
line correctly. Therefore the servo parameter must be optimized for mechanical
characterristics to improve the tracking stability.
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LATEST PIC BASED LIS… on list of projects chethan on Automatic Railway Gate Control… abhishek on ELECTRONICS PROJECTS Govinda Sapkota on Long Range FM Transmitter… deepak on NEW LIST OF PROJECTS (LATEST) … ashutosh on Vehicle Monitoring and Securit… HIREN on MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROJECTS… farrukh on How to book a project with… Praveen Singh on NEW LIST OF PROJECTS (LATEST) … RAHUL on MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROJECTS… sunny kumar on Contact Us sunny kumar on Automatic Railway Gate Control… krishna on Mechanical Projects list gaurav on UltraSonic Radar IES,GATE PSU COACHING CLASSES
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- Microcontroller Based ProjectsNote -ALL PROJECTS ARE AVAILABLE WITHOUT MICROCONTROLLER ALSO. IF YOU WANT TO IMPLEMENT YOUR IDEA INTO PROJECT THEN ALSO CALL US. Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching( LATEST) Put Coin And Draw Power (latest) for Electrical and Electronics. Intelligent Train Engines ( New-Latest) VEHECLE MONITORING AND SECURITY SYSTEM ULTRASONIC rADAR( […]
- Latest Projects IEEE,EMBEDED,VHDL,.NET,MICROCONTROLLER,8051,8085,ELECTRICAL,ELECTRONICS,COMMUNICATION PROJECTSJoin IndianEngineers Click here to Post Ur Resume. CALL 097174408885 to know more about any project or for getting synopsis or Report About FINAL YEAR PROJECTS, ENGINEERING PROJECTS, STUDENT PROJECTS, BE / BTECH PROJECTS, MCA PROJECTS, IEEE PROJECTS, FINAL YEAR PROJECTS AT dELHI, IEEE PROJECTS 2009 (indianengineer.wordpress.com): final Year Projects, Final Y […]
- PIC 16F877A Major Project list (KITS)The Cost Of the Projects May Vary at the Time of Booking Please Confirm The Then Rates for your Project Before you Book the Project. PIC 16F877A Major Project Kits Using Controller: 16F877A Project Number: 3054 Price: 4500 Project Name: Air Flow Monitor (with LCD) Project Detail: If you want assembled project, then order before 20 days and assembling c […]
- happy diwaliwish you all a Happy diwali hello young Engineer’s wishing you all the best wishes for the coming festival season and new year. please do send us your feedback about the projects and kits that u get from indianengineers. Cheer’s Team IndianEngineer’s Posted in Uncategorized
- Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220 Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220 Description This is the circuit diagram of a simple electronic combination lock using IC LS 7220.This circuit can be used to activate a relay for controlling (on & off) any device when a preset combination of 4 digits are pressed.The circuit can be [.. […]
- Fire alarm circuitFire alarm circuit Fire alarm circuit Description. Here is a simple fire alarm circuit based on a LDR and lamp pair for sensing the fire.The alarm works by sensing the smoke produced during fire.The circuit produces an audible alarm when the fire breaks out with smoke. When there is no smoke the light from the bulb will be directly falling [...]
- Lead acid battery charger circuitLead acid battery charger circuit Lead acid battery charger circuit Description Here is a lead acid battery charger circuit using IC LM 317.The IC here provides the correct charging voltage for the battery.A battery must be charged with 1/10 its Ah value.This charging circuit is designed based on this fact.The charging curent for the battery is controlled by […]
- Infrared motion detector circuitInfrared motion detector circuit Infrared motion detector circuit Description. Here is the circuit diagram of an infrared motion detector that can be used to sense intrusions.Infra red rays reflected from a static object will be in one phase, and the rays reflected from a moving object will be in another phase.The circuit uses this principle to sense the mo […]
- Long Range FM Transmitter 1Long Range FM Transmitter 1 Long Range FM Transmitter 1 How to make a long range FM transmitter at low cost Description The use of transmitters which have a more powerful output than the ‘flea-power’ are sometimes required when there are many obstacles in the path of the surveillance transmitter and monitoring station receiver, or the distance between them i […]
- 150 Watt amplifier circuit150 Watt amplifier circuit Description This is the cheapest 150 Watt amplifier circuit you can get,I think.Based on two Darlington power transistors TIP 142 and TIP 147 ,this circuit can deliver a blasting 150 W Rms to a 4 Ohm speaker.Enough for you to get rocked?,then try out this. TIP 147 and 142 are complementary Darlington pair transistors which [...] […]
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- LATEST PIC BASED LIST OF PROJECTS BY IndianEngineer’s October 31, 2009The Cost Of the Projects May Vary at the Time of Booking Please Confirm The Then Rates for your Project Before you Book the Project. PIC 16F877A Major Project Kits Using Controller: 16F877A Project Number: 3054 Price: 4500 Project Name: Air Flow Monitor (with LCD) Project Detail: If you want assembled project, then order before 20 days and assembling c […]IndianEngineer
- Automatic solar tracking system October 31, 2009AUTOMATIC SOLAR TRACKER starts following the SUN right from dawn, throughout the day, till evening, and starts all over again from dawn next day. On cloudy weathers, it remains still and catches the SUN again as it slips out of clouds. It does all this automatically, employs cheap and inexpensive components, and is very accurate.Let [...]IndianEngineer
- MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROJECTS(89C51) ieee,EMBEDDED October 15, 2009WIRELESS MESSAGING VIA MOBILE/LANDLINE GSM BASE HOME SECUIRTY SYSTEM GSM BASED HOMEAUTOMATION & SECUIRTY AUTOMATIC TOLL TAX VOTING MACHINE SMS BASE DEVICE SWITCH SOLAR TARKER SYSTEM TEXT DATA COMMUNICATION THROUGH FIBER/LAGER DIGITAL COMBINETION LOCK SAFETY GUARD FOR THE BLIND (PROXIMITY BASE SMS THROUGH TELEPHONE SPEED CHECKER FOR HIGHWAYS SMART CARD DA […]IndianEngineer
- ELECTRONICS PROJECTS October 15, 20091. DIGITAL COMBINETION LOCK 2. SAFETY GUARD FOR THE BLIND (PROXIMITY BASE) 3. LIGHT COTROLLED DIGITAL FAN REGULATOR 4. LOW-COST ENERGY METER USING ADE 7757 5. HOME AUTOMATION AND SECURITY CONTROL INTERFACE WITH TELEPHONE 6. LINE TRACKING ROBOT/MOUSE 7. REMOT CONTROLLED STEPPER MOTOR 8. ULTRASONIC SWITCH 9. DEVICE SWITCHING USING PASSWORD 10. SPEED CHECKER FO […]IndianEngineer
- Latest IEEE Embeded project’s list 2010,EMBEDDED SYSTEMS,MICROCONTROLLERS,ATMEL | PIC |ARM October 5, 2009Latest IEEE Embeded project’s list 2010,EMBEDDED SYSTEMS,MICROCONTROLLERS,ATMEL | PIC |ARM EMBEDDED SYSTEMS MICROCONTROLLERS ATMEL | PIC |ARM IEEE PROJECTS Latest Projects, 2009 – 2010 1. A Novel Vehicle Safety Model: Vehicle Speed Controller under Driver Fatigue – 2009 2. A Portable Wireless Eye Movement-Controlled Human-Computer Interface for the Di […]IndianEngineer
- Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220 October 4, 2009Simple Electronic Combination Lock using IC LS 7220 Description This is the circuit diagram of a simple electronic combination lock using IC LS 7220.This circuit can be used to activate a relay for controlling (on & off) any device when a preset combination of 4 digits are pressed.The circuit can be operated from 5V to 12V. To set [...]IndianEngineer
- Fire alarm circuit October 4, 2009Fire alarm circuit Description. Here is a simple fire alarm circuit based on a LDR and lamp pair for sensing the fire.The alarm works by sensing the smoke produced during fire.The circuit produces an audible alarm when the fire breaks out with smoke. When there is no smoke the light from the bulb will be directly falling on [...]IndianEngineer
- Lead acid battery charger circuit October 4, 2009Lead acid battery charger circuit Description Here is a lead acid battery charger circuit using IC LM 317.The IC here provides the correct charging voltage for the battery.A battery must be charged with 1/10 its Ah value.This charging circuit is designed based on this fact.The charging curent for the battery is controlled by Q1 ,R1,R4 and R5. [...]IndianEngineer
- Infrared motion detector circuit October 4, 2009Infrared motion detector circuit Description. Here is the circuit diagram of an infrared motion detector that can be used to sense intrusions.Infra red rays reflected from a static object will be in one phase, and the rays reflected from a moving object will be in another phase.The circuit uses this principle to sense the motion. The IC1 (NE [...]IndianEngineer
- Long Range FM Transmitter 1 October 4, 2009Long Range FM Transmitter 1 How to make a long range FM transmitter at low cost Description The use of transmitters which have a more powerful output than the ‘flea-power’ are sometimes required when there are many obstacles in the path of the surveillance transmitter and monitoring station receiver, or the distance between them is too far so as to make [... […]IndianEngineer
- LATEST PIC BASED LIST OF PROJECTS BY IndianEngineer’s October 31, 2009
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